生物炭对土壤肥力及玉米产量的影响

发布时间：2019-03-03 17:45

【摘要】：为研究施用生物炭对土壤肥力及玉米产量的影响,设置不施用生物炭(CK)以及生物炭施用量为15 t/hm~2(ST_1)、30 t/hm~2(ST_2)、45 t/hm~2(ST_3)、60 t/hm~2(ST_4)共5个处理,研究不同施炭量对玉米土壤有机碳、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量及产量的影响。结果表明:施用生物炭可显著提高耕层土壤有机碳含量,在玉米全生育期内,各施用生物炭处理平均较对照(CK)处理高19.46%~74.56%,差异显著(P0.05);土壤碱解氮含量平均高11.24%~57.81%,差异显著(P0.05),且以处理ST_1增幅最明显;土壤速效磷含量平均高35.10%~111.37%,差异显著(P0.05),以处理ST3增幅最明显;土壤速效钾含量平均高14.01%~51.42%,差异显著(P0.05),以处理ST3增幅最明显;施用生物炭可显著提高玉米产量,且以处理ST3增产效果最为明显,平均较对照处理增产17.09%。综合分析可知,施用生物炭可显著提升土壤养分含量及玉米产量,且施用量为45 t/hm~2时效果更明显,较适宜在河套灌区玉米种植过程中加以推广应用。
[Abstract]:In order to study the effect of biochar application on soil fertility and maize yield, no biochar (CK) was used and the application rates of biochar were 15 t/hm~2 (ST_1), 30 t/hm~2 (ST_2), 45 t/hm~2 (ST_3), and 15 t/hm~2 (ST_1), 30 t/hm~2 (ST_2), 45 t/hm~2 (ST_3), respectively. Six treatments (60 t/hm~2 (ST_4) were used to study the effects of different carbon application rates on soil organic carbon, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and yield in maize soil. The results showed that the application of biochar could significantly increase the organic carbon content in tillage soil. During the whole growth period of maize, the biochar treatment was 19.46% higher than the control (CK) treatment on average, and the difference was significant (P0.05). The average content of soil alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen was 11.24% and 57.81%, the difference was significant (P0.05), and the increase of ST_1 in the treatment was the most obvious. The average content of available phosphorus in soil was 35.10% / 111.37%, the difference was significant (P0.05), and the increase of ST3 was the most obvious. The average content of available K in soil was 14.01% / 51.42%, the difference was significant (P0.05), and the increase of ST3 was the most obvious. Application of biochar could significantly increase maize yield, and the effect of ST3 treatment was the most obvious, the average yield was 17.09% higher than that of control treatment. The comprehensive analysis showed that the application of biochar could significantly increase the soil nutrient content and maize yield, and the application rate of 45 t / hm ~ 2 was more obvious, which was more suitable for popularizing and applying in the process of maize planting in Hetao irrigation area.
【作者单位】：河套学院土木工程系;
【基金】：内蒙古自治区高等学校创新团队发展计划(编号:NMGIRT-B1611) “十三五”国家重点研发计划(编号:2016YFC0400205) 内蒙古自治区教育厅自然科学基金(编号:NJZY16335)
【分类号】：S158;S513

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