基于ISO 26262标准的高压共轨ECU监控单元的研究与开发

发布时间：2018-06-24 00:10

本文选题：ISO26262 + 监控单元　；参考：《浙江大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：汽车电子化是汽车技术发展进程中的一次重大变革,汽车电子化程度不断提高,并已被看作是衡量现代汽车水平的重要标志,是改造传统汽车、提高汽车性能、设计开发新车型的核心技术。随着汽车电子技术的发展,越来越多的品牌汽车因为功能安全问题而频繁召回,浪费大量的人力物力,为此汽车电子行业推出国际标准ISO 26262。电子控制单元(Electronic Control Unit, ECU)在柴油机上的应用能够极大程度的提高柴油机的动力性、经济性,并有效降低排放,ECU又是发动机的核心,其重要性不言而喻,因此开发监控单元来提高ECU的安全性和可靠性,并使之符合ISO 26262国际标准是非常有必要的。本文重点介绍了ISO 26262标准的主要内容,并按照汽车安全生命周期的开发流程对本课题组的高压共轨ECU进行了产品概念阶段的分析与应用,为监控单元的设计提供理论依据与基础。随后详细分析了高压共轨ECU各功能模块的作用以及与监控单元间的联系,通过分析共轨ECU硬件架构,实现对监控对象更全面的了解。本文的核心是进行了高压共轨ECU监控单元硬件电路和监控策略的设计与开发,硬件方面：设计了监控CPU的最小系统、SPI通讯电路、复位关断电路,并对其进行了调试；软件方面：阐述了ECU的三层软件架构,主要包括对主微处理器ADC模块、TPU模块、指令模块、存储模块、通讯模块等模块的监控,采用经过ISO 26262标准认证的Matlab/Simulink建模工具链完成对主微处理器各模块监控策略的软件开发。最后在实验板上对SPI通讯进行了测试,并在发动机实验台架上完成了监控策略的验证工作,实验结果表明此监控单元能有效检测主CPU各模块故障并及时作出响应,极大提高了高压共轨系统的稳定性。
[Abstract]:Automobile electronization is a major change in the development of automobile technology. The degree of automobile electronization is continuously improved, and it has been regarded as an important symbol to measure the level of modern automobile, to transform the traditional automobile and to improve the performance of the automobile. The core technology of designing and developing new models. With the development of automotive electronics technology, more and more brand cars are recalled frequently because of functional safety problems, which waste a lot of manpower and material resources. For this reason, the automotive electronics industry has introduced the international standard ISO 26262. The application of Electronic Control Unit (ECU) in diesel engine can greatly improve the power performance and economy of diesel engine, and effectively reduce the emission of ECU is the core of engine, its importance is self-evident. Therefore, it is necessary to develop monitoring units to improve the security and reliability of ECUs and make them conform to the international standards of ISO 26262. This paper mainly introduces the main contents of ISO 26262 standard, and analyzes and applies the product concept stage of the high pressure common rail ECU of our group according to the development process of automobile safety life cycle. It provides the theoretical basis and foundation for the design of the monitoring unit. Then, the function of each function module of high voltage common rail ECU and the relation between ECU and monitoring unit are analyzed in detail. By analyzing the hardware structure of common rail ECU, the monitoring object can be fully understood. The core of this paper is to design and develop the hardware circuit and monitoring strategy of high voltage common rail ECU monitoring unit. In hardware aspect, the minimum system SPI communication circuit and reset turn-off circuit of monitoring CPU are designed and debugged. Software: the three-layer software architecture of ECU is described, which mainly includes the monitoring of TPU module, instruction module, storage module, communication module and so on. Using Matlab / Simulink modeling tool chain certified by ISO 26262 standard, the software development of monitoring strategy for each module of main microprocessor is completed. Finally, the SPI communication is tested on the test board, and the monitoring strategy is verified on the engine test bench. The experimental results show that the monitoring unit can effectively detect the failure of the main CPU modules and respond in time. The stability of high pressure common rail system is greatly improved.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U463.6

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