电动汽车声品质试验分析及研究
发布时间：2019-03-22 20:32
【摘要】：噪声是汽车NVH研究的一个重点,目前国内外绝大多数有关噪声的标准或准则都是以A计权声压级为基础制定的。电动汽车车内噪声值比传统内燃机汽车的噪声值小很多,传统方法以A计权声压级作为评价标准已逐渐不能满足电动汽车的研究,使用以主观评价为基础的声品质对噪声分析评价为电动汽车噪声研究提供一个新的途径。本文通过对心理声学客观参量的计算以及主观评价试验对电动汽车噪声声品质进行了评价,并建立了声品质主观评价模型,对声品质评价有一定的指导作用,同时也为声品质建模提供一种准确实用的新思路。主要工作如下：论文首先从人耳听觉特性出发,介绍了响度、尖锐度、粗糙度和波动度的算法,以Zwicker响度为基础,使用Matlab对上述参量进行程序实现,并验证计算程序的准确性。通过对电动汽车进行实车试验,获取典型工况下能代表电动汽车车内噪声的噪声信号,计算得到各客观参量值并对车内噪声进行对比和评价。通过对所采集的车内噪声样品进行主观评价试验,对测评结果进行数据检验,得到人对噪声样品的主观评价,并将主观感受数值化,从数值上描述噪声优劣。最后通过多元回归分析建立多元回归模型一,将客观参量进行变换后再进行建模得到模型二和模型三,各模型均通过了显著性检验。经对比发现,模型三更精准,由此验证了改进方法的合理性和可行性。
[Abstract]:Noise is a focal point in the research of automobile NVH. At present, most of the noise standards or criteria at home and abroad are formulated on the basis of A-weighted sound pressure level. The internal noise value of electric vehicle is much smaller than that of traditional internal combustion engine vehicle. The traditional method can not satisfy the research of electric vehicle by using the A-weight sound pressure level as the evaluation standard. Noise analysis and evaluation based on subjective evaluation of acoustic quality provides a new way to study the noise of electric vehicles. In this paper, the objective parameters of psychoacoustics and subjective evaluation tests are used to evaluate the noise sound quality of electric vehicles, and a subjective evaluation model of sound quality is established, which can guide the evaluation of sound quality to a certain extent. At the same time, it also provides an accurate and practical new idea for sound quality modeling. The main work is as follows: firstly, this paper introduces the algorithms of loudness, sharpness, roughness and volatility based on the auditory characteristics of human ears. Based on the Zwicker loudness, the above parameters are programmed with Matlab, and the accuracy of the calculation program is verified. Through the real vehicle test of electric vehicle, the noise signal which can represent the internal noise of electric vehicle under typical working conditions is obtained, the objective parameter values are calculated, and the internal noise of electric vehicle is compared and evaluated. Through the subjective evaluation test of the noise samples collected in the vehicle, the results of the evaluation are tested, and the subjective evaluation of the noise samples is obtained, and the subjective feeling is numerically valued to describe the advantages and disadvantages of the noise numerically. Finally, the multiple regression model one is established by multiple regression analysis, then the objective parameters are transformed and then the model two and model three are established. All the models have passed the significance test. The comparison shows that the third model is more accurate, which verifies the rationality and feasibility of the improved method.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U469.72;U467.493
[Abstract]:Noise is a focal point in the research of automobile NVH. At present, most of the noise standards or criteria at home and abroad are formulated on the basis of A-weighted sound pressure level. The internal noise value of electric vehicle is much smaller than that of traditional internal combustion engine vehicle. The traditional method can not satisfy the research of electric vehicle by using the A-weight sound pressure level as the evaluation standard. Noise analysis and evaluation based on subjective evaluation of acoustic quality provides a new way to study the noise of electric vehicles. In this paper, the objective parameters of psychoacoustics and subjective evaluation tests are used to evaluate the noise sound quality of electric vehicles, and a subjective evaluation model of sound quality is established, which can guide the evaluation of sound quality to a certain extent. At the same time, it also provides an accurate and practical new idea for sound quality modeling. The main work is as follows: firstly, this paper introduces the algorithms of loudness, sharpness, roughness and volatility based on the auditory characteristics of human ears. Based on the Zwicker loudness, the above parameters are programmed with Matlab, and the accuracy of the calculation program is verified. Through the real vehicle test of electric vehicle, the noise signal which can represent the internal noise of electric vehicle under typical working conditions is obtained, the objective parameter values are calculated, and the internal noise of electric vehicle is compared and evaluated. Through the subjective evaluation test of the noise samples collected in the vehicle, the results of the evaluation are tested, and the subjective evaluation of the noise samples is obtained, and the subjective feeling is numerically valued to describe the advantages and disadvantages of the noise numerically. Finally, the multiple regression model one is established by multiple regression analysis, then the objective parameters are transformed and then the model two and model three are established. All the models have passed the significance test. The comparison shows that the third model is more accurate, which verifies the rationality and feasibility of the improved method.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U469.72;U467.493
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