大数据访问控制研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 04:16

本文关键词： 大数据数据分享大数据安全访问控制隐私保护　出处：《计算机学报》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：大数据时代的到来,使得数据成为了重要的经济资产.为了更好地利用它们,有偿或无偿的共享数据将是一种趋势.作为确保大数据安全分享重要技术之一的访问控制技术也将在大数据时代发挥重要作用.该文首先对大数据及大数据应用的新特点进行分析,并提炼出这些新特点为访问控制领域带来的五个迫切需要解决的新问题:授权管理问题、细粒度访问控制问题、访问控制策略描述问题、个人隐私保护问题,以及访问控制在分布式架构中的实施问题.接着对相关访问控制关键技术的研究现状进行了梳理,包括角色访问控制、风险访问控制、半/非结构化数据的访问控制、针对隐私保护的访问控制、世系数据相关的访问控制、基于密码学的访问控制等.虽然这些现有技术不一定能直接应用于大数据场景,但是它们都可以被大数据访问控制的研究所借鉴,以解决大数据带来的上述访问控制的新问题.在此基础上,总结并提炼了若干大数据访问控制所呈现的新特点:判定依据多元化、判定结果模糊化、多种访问控制技术融合化.最后,对未来大数据访问控制的研究进行了展望,给出了一些有待研究的问题.该文认为大数据应用的发展将为访问控制技术的研究提出许多新的挑战,同时也将带来巨大的机遇,这必将引起访问控制技术的一次重大变革.
[Abstract]:The arrival of big data's era has made data an important economic asset. In order to make better use of them, It will be a trend to share data for free or paid. As one of the important technologies to ensure big data's safe sharing, access control technology will also play an important role in the era of big data. To analyze the new features of. Five new problems that need to be solved in the field of access control are abstracted from these new features: authorization management, fine-grained access control, access control policy description, personal privacy protection, etc. And the implementation of access control in distributed architecture. Then the research status of the key technologies of access control is reviewed, including role access control, risk access control, semi-/ unstructured data access control, Access control for privacy protection, access control related to descent data, access control based on cryptography, etc. Although these existing techniques may not be directly applicable to big data scenarios, But they can all be used for reference by big data's access control institute in order to solve the new problems of access control brought by big data. On this basis, This paper summarizes and abstracts some new features of big data's access control: the decision basis is diversified, the judgment result is fuzzy, and the multiple access control technologies are integrated. Finally, the future research on the access control of big data is prospected. This paper points out that the development of big data's application will bring many new challenges to the research of access control technology, and at the same time bring great opportunities, which will lead to a great change in access control technology.
【作者单位】：中国科学院软件研究所可信计算与信息保障实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(61402456,61303248)资助~~
【分类号】：TP309

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