美国高校MOOCs教学模式研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 13:39

  本文选题：美国高校　切入点：MOOCs　出处：《广西师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：麻省理工学院率先于2001年启动开放本校课件运动,随后各国高校也纷纷开放本校优质教学资源,掀起了全球范围内的开放教育资源运动。随着开放教育资源运动的深入发展、教育需求的不断变化和教育技术的快速提升,一种面向大规模学习者开放的在线课程——MOOCs应运而生。目前MOOCs已经席卷全球,冲击着传统高等教育教学模式。美国高校在MOOCs制作、传播、发展领域堪称发展最好的国家,世界三大MOOCs平台——Coursera、Udacity、edX均由美国高校牵头创建是其最好的例证。美国高校在MOOCs的发展过程中逐渐形成了稳定的教学模式,这种教学模式对于在全世界范围内推广MOOCs教学具有重要的借鉴意义。我国高校在对MOOCs发展和应用研究方面还处于初级阶段,通过对美国高校MOOCs教学模式的分析和研究有利于推动我国高校积极开展MOOCs教学,改变我国高等教育学校目前面临的困境,推动我国建设国际一流高校。本研究主要采用文献研究法、历史研究法、案例分析法和比较研究方法,在详细论述MOOCs发展背景和历程的基础上,结合美国斯坦福大学和麻省理工学院这两所国际知名院校在Coursera和edX推出的MOOCs,并根据这两所高校MOOCs教学过程分析其已经形成的特有的稳定的教学模式,总结归纳出美国高校MOOCs教学模式的特点、存在的问题以及应对策略,为我国高校发展MOOCs,开展MOOCs教学活动提供有益的借鉴和帮助,进一步推进我国高校MOOCs教学的发展。本研究除引言外,共分为五个部分:引言:主要从问题的提出、研究目的和意义、国内外研究综述、核心概念界定以及研究思路与方法五个方面对本文进行总体说明。第一部分:美国高校MOOCs的发展。本部分将从美国高校MOOCs发展的背景和发展历程两个方面对美国高校积极开展MOOCs的原因和过程进行详细的梳理和分析。第二部分:美国高校MOOCs教学模式典例分析。本部分选择美国斯坦福大学和麻省理工学院提供的MOOCs作为研究美国高校MOOCs教学模式的案例。分别选择六门具有代表性的斯坦福大学在Coursera平台上提供的MOOCs和麻省理工学院在edX平台上提供的MOOCs并从教学理念、教学目标、教学程序、教学评价和实现条件等五个方面着手进行研究和详细分析。第三部分:美国高校MOOCs教学模式的特色。根据对斯坦福大学和麻省理工学院提供的MOOCs进行教学模式的分析,总结概括美国高校MOOCs教学模式的特色。其分别是,平台、课程、课件相促进;多种评价方式相结合;线上和线下交流相结合。第四部分:美国高校MOOCs教学模式面临的挑战及对策。美国高校MOOCs教学模式虽然得到了高等教育机构的认可,但是它的发展也不断受到质疑,面临着严峻的挑战,主要是在MOOCs教学模式下如何应对学生的个体差异和激励学习者参与课程评价,美国高校应这些难题采取了积极的应对策略,为学习者提供支援服务;根据学习者学习目的提供丰富教学资源;激发学习者内在学习动机。第五部分:美国高校MOOCs教学模式对我国高校开展MOOCs教学的启示。本部分首先介绍我国高校MOOCs的发展和MOOCs教学模式的情况,然后提出美国高校MOOCs教学模式对我国高校开展MOOCs教学的启示,其分别为:树立开放共享创新理念,发展本校特色MOOCs;设置明确的MOOCs课程教学目标,促进理论实践向结合;建立多元、多角度教学评价系统;提供更多利于我国高校MOOCs发展的实现条件。
[Abstract]:Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2001 to start the school open courseware movement, then all colleges and universities have open quality teaching resources of the school, set off the open educational resources worldwide. With the further development of open educational resources, rapidly changing and education technology education demand, an open for mass learning online course - MOOCs came into being. At present MOOCs has swept the world, the impact of the traditional teaching mode of higher education. The production, propagation in MOOCs development in the field of American colleges and universities, developing countries is the best, the world's three largest MOOCs platform -- Coursera, Udacity, edX by the United States University led to create is the best example. The formation of a stable the teaching mode gradually in the process of MOOCs development, this kind of teaching mode for the promotion of MOOCs teaching is important in the whole world The significance of colleges and universities in China in the aspects of the development and application of MOOCs research is still at the primary stage, through the analysis and research of the MOOCs teaching mode in the United States to promote China's colleges and universities to actively carry out MOOCs teaching, change the face of China's higher education schools present difficulties, promote the construction of world-class universities in China. The purpose of this study using the method of literature research, historical research method, case analysis method and comparative research method, based on detailed analysis of MOOCs development background and history, the Stanford University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology with the two international school school launched in Coursera and edX MOOCs, and according to the two MOOCs colleges and universities teaching process analysis has formed the unique the stability of the teaching mode, summarizes the characteristics of College MOOCs teaching mode in the United States, problems and strategies for the development of China's University MOOCs, open Provide a useful reference and help MOOCs teaching activities, to further promote the development of College MOOCs teaching in China. In this study, in addition to the introduction, is divided into five parts: Introduction: mainly from the issues, research purpose and significance, the domestic and foreign research review, the core concepts and ideas and methods to study the overall description in this paper five aspects. The first part: the development of American College of MOOCs. This part from two aspects of background and development of colleges and universities in the United States MOOCs development in American universities, and actively carry out the reason and process of MOOCs was summarized and analyzed in detail. The second part: the analysis of typical university MOOCs teaching mode in the United States. The choice of the United States Stanford University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology offer MOOCs as a research university MOOCs teaching mode in the United States. Six cases were with representative of Stanford University on the Coursera platform The MOOCs and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the edX platform provided by MOOCs and from the teaching philosophy, teaching objectives, teaching procedures, teaching evaluation five aspects and implementation conditions are studied and analyzed. The third part: the teaching model of MOOCs characteristics of the United States. According to the analysis of the teaching mode of Stanford University and MOOCs of Massachusetts Institute of Technology. A summary of the MOOCs teaching mode of the characteristics of the United States. It is, platform, courses, courseware to promote a variety of evaluation methods; combination; combination of online and offline communication. The fourth part: the challenge and Countermeasures of College MOOCs teaching mode in the United States. The MOOCs teaching mode in American institutions of higher education has been recognized. But it has also been questioned, faced with severe challenges, mainly is how to deal with the students in the MOOCs teaching mode and individual differences Encourage learner participation in curriculum evaluation, the university should these problems take positive coping strategies, to provide support services to learners; according to learners to provide rich teaching resources; stimulate intrinsic learning motivation. The fifth part: the MOOCs teaching mode in the United States to carry out MOOCs teaching in Colleges and universities of our country. The first part the universities in our country the development of MOOCs and MOOCs teaching mode, and then puts forward the MOOCs teaching mode in the United States to carry out MOOCs teaching enlightenment to universities of our country, which are: set up the open sharing of innovation concept, development and characteristics of the University of MOOCs; MOOCs course set up the teaching goal clear, promote the theory and practice to establish multi combination; multi angle, teaching evaluation system; provide more conducive to the realization of condition of our country University MOOCs development.

【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G434;G642.4

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