新量子技术时代下的信息安全

发布时间：2018-06-27 19:23

本文选题：量子计算 + 量子通信　；参考：《计算机科学》2017年07期

【摘要】：量子技术将在未来深刻影响密码学以及信息安全行业。可以利用上千个量子比特运行量子算法的通用量子计算机将直接威胁信息安全基础算法,导致当前广泛使用的RSA等公钥密码被破解,也会使分组密码算法的密码强度减半。量子通信中量子密钥分发的实施会改变传统保密通信的物理结构。这些重大应用价值也是发展量子技术的驱动力。结合当前一些关于量子技术的热点新闻,从量子计算和量子通信两个方面分别综述了量子技术对信息安全技术的影响。同时简要介绍了这些技术的最新发展现状,包括通用型和专用型量子计算机的发展、量子密钥分发技术实验室环境的进展以及天地一体化量子通信网络的发展状况等。最后对信息安全技术的未来形态做了思考和总结。未来量子技术将会与现有各种技术深度融合,共同存在。
[Abstract]:Quantum technology will have a profound impact on cryptography and information security industry in the future. The universal quantum computer, which can use thousands of quantum bits to run quantum algorithm, will directly threaten the basic algorithm of information security, resulting in the public key cryptography such as RSA, which is widely used at present, is cracked, and the cryptographic strength of block cipher algorithm will be reduced by half. The implementation of quantum key distribution in quantum communication will change the physical structure of traditional secure communication. These important applications are also the driving force behind the development of quantum technology. In this paper, the influence of quantum technology on information security is reviewed from the aspects of quantum computing and quantum communication. At the same time, the latest development of these technologies is briefly introduced, including the development of universal and specialized quantum computers, the progress of the laboratory environment of quantum key distribution technology and the development of the integrated quantum communication network of heaven and earth, etc. Finally, the future form of information security technology is considered and summarized. In the future, quantum technology will exist in depth with all kinds of existing technologies.
【作者单位】：北京大学信息科学技术学院;国民技术股份有限公司博士后科研工作站;
【基金】：国家核高基科技重大专项(2014ZX01032-204) 深圳市重点实验室基金(深发改[2013]993号)资助
【分类号】：TP309

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