利用冠状动脉CT血管造影计算血流储备分数
发布时间：2019-02-16 10:12
【摘要】：血流储备分数是对冠状动脉狭窄进行功能性评价的指标,其传统获取方法是将一根光纤导丝侵入到血管之中,利用压力传感器获得狭窄两端的压力,计算得到血流储备分数数值。但是,这种方法需要入侵人体,检测手段繁琐,价格昂贵。针对传统血流储备分数获取方法的缺陷,本文研究实现了一种新的获取方法,利用冠状动脉CT血管造影,将医学影像学和计算流体动力学相结合,无创的获取冠状动脉血流储备分数,构建其软件实现系统。本文主要分成三个部分研究实现此系统,即冠状动脉CT图像处理、冠状动脉血管流体场数值计算和血流储备分数数值求解。本文研究了冠状动脉CT图像的血管分割算法,实现了基于阈值的区域生长算法。并在此算法基础上,针对其两方面的缺陷进行了改进,分别是人工设定区域生长的范围和区域生长阈值的自动调整。结合这两方面改进,研究实现半自动血管分割算法。基于分割的冠状动脉血管,本文实现了冠状动脉三维几何模型重建,并进行有限元网格划分。研究医学影像学与计算流体动力学相结合的实现方法,即通过合理设置流体控制方程的边界条件。然后研究冠状动脉血管流体场分布计算所需的物理条件和生理条件,并实现其获取算法。最终实现了冠状动脉血管流体场分布数值求解。根据冠状动脉流体场分布数据,本文进一步实现了血流储备分数的具体计算方法,并将计算结果三维显示。最后利用本文提出的方法计算了几例真实病例的左右冠状动脉血流储备分数,并与有创方法实测的数值进行对比,分析本文方法的优点和不足之处。
[Abstract]:Blood flow reserve fraction (FRF) is a functional index for evaluating coronary artery stenosis. The traditional method is to infiltrate a fiber optic wire into the blood vessel and use a pressure sensor to obtain the pressure at both ends of the stenosis. The blood flow reserve fraction is calculated. However, this method needs to invade the human body, the detection method is cumbersome and expensive. In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional methods for obtaining blood flow reserve fraction, a new method is proposed in this paper, which combines medical imaging and computational fluid dynamics with coronary artery CT angiography. Non-invasive coronary artery flow reserve fraction was obtained and its software implementation system was constructed. This paper is divided into three parts: coronary CT image processing, coronary artery flow field numerical calculation and flow reserve fraction numerical solution. In this paper, the segmentation algorithm of coronary artery CT image is studied, and the region growth algorithm based on threshold is realized. On the basis of this algorithm, two defects are improved, namely, the range of artificial region growth and the automatic adjustment of region growth threshold. Combining these two improvements, a semi-automatic blood vessel segmentation algorithm is studied. Based on the segmented coronary artery, the 3D geometric model of coronary artery is reconstructed and meshed by finite element method. The method of combining medical imaging with computational fluid dynamics is studied, that is, the boundary conditions of fluid governing equations are reasonably set up. Then, the physical and physiological conditions needed to calculate the flow field distribution of coronary artery are studied, and the algorithm is realized. Finally, the numerical solution of the flow field distribution of coronary artery is realized. According to the data of flow field distribution in coronary artery, the calculation method of blood flow reserve fraction is further realized in this paper, and the result is displayed in three dimensions. Finally, the left and right coronary flow reserve fraction of several real cases were calculated by using the method proposed in this paper, and compared with the measured value of the invasive method, the advantages and disadvantages of this method were analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R816.2;TP391.41
本文编号：2424337
[Abstract]:Blood flow reserve fraction (FRF) is a functional index for evaluating coronary artery stenosis. The traditional method is to infiltrate a fiber optic wire into the blood vessel and use a pressure sensor to obtain the pressure at both ends of the stenosis. The blood flow reserve fraction is calculated. However, this method needs to invade the human body, the detection method is cumbersome and expensive. In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional methods for obtaining blood flow reserve fraction, a new method is proposed in this paper, which combines medical imaging and computational fluid dynamics with coronary artery CT angiography. Non-invasive coronary artery flow reserve fraction was obtained and its software implementation system was constructed. This paper is divided into three parts: coronary CT image processing, coronary artery flow field numerical calculation and flow reserve fraction numerical solution. In this paper, the segmentation algorithm of coronary artery CT image is studied, and the region growth algorithm based on threshold is realized. On the basis of this algorithm, two defects are improved, namely, the range of artificial region growth and the automatic adjustment of region growth threshold. Combining these two improvements, a semi-automatic blood vessel segmentation algorithm is studied. Based on the segmented coronary artery, the 3D geometric model of coronary artery is reconstructed and meshed by finite element method. The method of combining medical imaging with computational fluid dynamics is studied, that is, the boundary conditions of fluid governing equations are reasonably set up. Then, the physical and physiological conditions needed to calculate the flow field distribution of coronary artery are studied, and the algorithm is realized. Finally, the numerical solution of the flow field distribution of coronary artery is realized. According to the data of flow field distribution in coronary artery, the calculation method of blood flow reserve fraction is further realized in this paper, and the result is displayed in three dimensions. Finally, the left and right coronary flow reserve fraction of several real cases were calculated by using the method proposed in this paper, and compared with the measured value of the invasive method, the advantages and disadvantages of this method were analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R816.2;TP391.41
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