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基于气候舒适范围分析的哈尔滨住区绿地周边布局研究

发布时间:2018-01-10 18:11

  本文关键词:基于气候舒适范围分析的哈尔滨住区绿地周边布局研究 出处:《哈尔滨工业大学》2013年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文


  更多相关文章: 过渡季节 寒地城市 气候舒适范围 中心绿地 布局规划


【摘要】:长期以来,快速的城市化进程使得区域原有的自然形态发生巨大变化,城市局地气候环境不断恶化,极大地影响了城市居民正常的生活和生产。城市住区中心绿地作为全体居民共有的休闲活动、邻里交往等的主要场所,其微气候环境的优劣已经成为评价住区品质的关键。周边建筑布局形式、下垫面类型等与住区中心绿地微气候环境密切相关,不合理的住区规划会使局部微气候恶化,使其成为人们生活质量进一步提高和城市进一步发展的制约因素。 我国位于严寒地域背景下的国土面积广阔,冬季漫长而寒冷,单纯通过城市规划手段对城市空间形态进行调整而改善冬季住区中心绿地微气候环境的效果十分有限;夏季炎热时间较短,且一天中高温时段持续时间不长,气候环境较为舒适;而春秋过渡季节气温升降变化快,住区微气候调节得当可有效增加舒适范围和时长,因此深入研究过渡季节寒地城市住区中心绿地的气候舒适性具有十分重要的意义。 本文对哈尔滨市1983-2012年30年间主要气象数据进行深入的统计分析,,将由计算所得的人体体感温度与哈尔滨市中性温度进行比较,确定哈尔滨市的气候舒适范围、偏冷范围、舒适偏冷范围、偏热范围,认为舒适偏冷范围即是哈尔滨市的过渡季节,并对确定的秋季偏冷范围的大气气象参数进行实地测量,验证了计算结果。 本文研究了过渡季节哈尔滨市住区中心绿地的微气候状况,在现状调研的基础上,按照住宅建筑类型将哈尔滨市住区分为多层、点式高层、板式高层、多层与点式高层混合、多层与板式高层混合五种类型,并依据九项原则,将此五种类型布局演变为16种模拟工况,选取本文推算的过渡季节的第一天4月28日为模拟日期,边界条件采用计算所得的30年间气象参数的平均值,考虑当时实际的日照情况,对过渡季节各工况的风环境及温度环境进行耦合模拟分析,并依据模拟数值结果计算各工况体感温度。对比分析结果表明,各工况计算结果差别很大,且有近一半工况的体感温度未达到过渡季节标准值。 文章首先从相关政策指导层面提出应从法律规范及政策建议两方面进行寒地城市气候舒适范围的相关内容研究,其次依据数值模拟结果,建议从建筑本体布局的角度进行微气候优化,再次,当建筑布局不能实现最优情况布置时,通过微气候因子补偿的方式可以适度提升住区中心绿地的微气候环境质量。
[Abstract]:For a long time, the rapid urbanization process has made the original natural form of the region change greatly, and the local climate environment of the city has been deteriorating. It has greatly affected the normal life and production of urban residents. Urban residential center green space as a common leisure activities, neighborhood exchanges and other main places. The quality of its microclimate environment has become the key to evaluate the quality of residential areas. The layout of surrounding buildings and the type of underlying surface are closely related to the microclimate environment of residential center green space. Unreasonable settlement planning will worsen the local microclimate and make it a restriction factor for the further improvement of people's quality of life and the further development of the city. Our country is located in the cold region background land area is vast, the winter is long and cold. Only by means of urban planning to adjust the urban space form to improve the winter residential center green space microclimate environment effect is very limited; The summer heat time is short, and the duration of the high temperature period is not long, the climate environment is more comfortable; And the spring and autumn transitional season temperature changes quickly, residential microclimate adjustment can effectively increase the comfort range and time. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the climate comfort of urban green space in cold region in transitional season. In this paper, the main meteorological data of Harbin from 1983 to 2012 were analyzed and compared with the neutral temperature of Harbin. To determine the comfort range, cold range, comfortable cold range, heat range of Harbin, it is considered that the comfortable and cold range is the transitional season of Harbin. The results are verified by the field measurements of the atmospheric meteorological parameters in a certain range of cold in autumn. This paper studies the microclimate of residential center green space in Harbin during the transitional season. On the basis of investigation and research, the residential area in Harbin is divided into multi-storey, point-type high-rise and plate-type high-rise according to the type of residential buildings. There are five types of multi-layer and point-type high-level mixing, multi-layer and plate-type high-level mixing, and according to the nine principles, the five types of layout are evolved into 16 kinds of simulation conditions. In this paper, the first day of the transitional season, April 28th, is chosen as the simulation date. The boundary conditions are calculated with the average meteorological parameters for 30 years, and the actual sunshine at that time is taken into account. The coupling analysis of wind and temperature environment in transition season is carried out, and the body temperature of each condition is calculated according to the numerical results of simulation. The results of comparison and analysis show that the calculation results of different working conditions are very different. And the somatosensory temperature of nearly half of the working conditions did not reach the standard value of transition season. At first, the paper puts forward the research on the comfortable range of urban climate in cold region from the aspects of legal norms and policy suggestions, and then according to the results of numerical simulation. It is suggested that microclimate optimization should be carried out from the view of building body layout, and thirdly, when the architectural layout can not achieve the optimal layout. The microclimate environment quality of green space in residential area can be improved moderately by means of microclimate factor compensation.
【学位授予单位】:哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2013
【分类号】:TU985.2

【引证文献】

相关硕士学位论文 前1条

1 卫渊;基于行为活动特征的哈尔滨公园微气候环境热舒适性研究[D];哈尔滨工业大学;2016年



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