相变蓄冷建筑围护结构性能研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 08:24

本文选题：相变蓄能 + 相变蓄冷围护结构　；参考：《天津大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：相变蓄能技术在建筑中的应用，可以减小室内热环境的波动，同时通过对过剩热量/冷量的吸收/释放可达到建筑节能的目的。本文旨在研究一种与建筑围护结构结合的新型相变蓄冷体系：研发新型的相变材料、封装方法及与围护结构结合的合理方式，并测试其实际的蓄冷效果，最后建立其传热模型。本文采用熔融共混法，以高级脂肪酸和高碳醇为原料，差示扫描量热法（DSC）为测试手段，研制出了一系列具有较高潜热可适用于我国温带大陆季风气候的夏季蓄冷相变材料。研究了以高分子材料为支撑包覆材料、微粒径铝粉为导热系数增强剂的定型相变材料及其制备方法，而且对其进行了泄露性测试、SEM微观形态特征扫描、红外波普测试、DSC相变热物性测试，并测试了添加铝粉后的蓄放热效率提高情况。研究分析了另一种封装方式—相变蓄能板，将相变材料用铝制板材封装成坚固、安全、无泄漏的板状结构，且相变蓄能板内部带有肋片，在加固板材的同时提高了相变材料的吸放热速率。搭建了空心砖结构的三间大尺寸房间，将相变蓄能板与围护结构相结合，实验研究了两套相变蓄冷系统（PCMOW，相变蓄能板与围护结构外侧结合；PCMIW，相变蓄能板与围护结构内侧结合）相比较于没有相变材料的普通房间（Reference）的蓄冷情况，且实验过程采用三个操作策略：自然蓄冷策略、夜间自然对流策略和夜间强制排风策略。对实验结果采用对比方法进行了分析。夜间自然对流策略和夜间强制排风策略运行效果要好于自然蓄冷策略；夜间强制排风策略的结果并不优于夜间自然对流策略，而且消耗了排风扇的功耗；因此三个策略中，夜间自然对流策略最优。对于相变蓄能系统，PCMIW在三个阶段的测试结果均优于PCMOW，而PCMIW和PCMOW的室内温度都低于Reference。在实测数据的基础上，建立了相变围护结构的传热模型，，并采用相对误差分析法及Bland-Altman一致性分析法验证了模型的正确性。
[Abstract]:The application of phase change energy storage technology in building can reduce the fluctuation of indoor thermal environment and achieve the purpose of building energy saving by absorbing / releasing excess heat / cooling capacity.The purpose of this paper is to study a new phase change cold storage system combined with the building envelope structure: to develop new phase change materials, packaging methods and reasonable ways to combine with the envelope structure, to test its actual cold storage effect, and finally to establish its heat transfer model.In this paper, a series of summer cold storage phase change materials with high latent heat can be applied to continental monsoon climate in temperate zone of China have been developed by melt blending method, using high fatty acids and high carbon alcohols as raw materials and differential scanning calorimetry (DSCC) as test means.In this paper, the setting phase change material with polymer material as the supporting coating material and the micro-particle aluminum powder as the thermal conductivity intensifier were studied, and its preparation method was studied, and the SEM microscopic morphology characteristic scanning was carried out.The thermal properties of DSC phase transition were measured by IR wave, and the exothermic efficiency of aluminum powder was also measured.In this paper, another packaging method, the phase change energy storage plate, is studied and analyzed. The phase change material is encapsulated into a solid, safe, leakless plate structure with aluminum plate, and there is a rib inside the phase change energy storage plate.The heat absorption and exothermic rate of the phase change material is increased while the plate is strengthened.Three large rooms with hollow brick structure were built, and the phase change energy storage plate was combined with the envelope structure.Two sets of PCMOW, PCMW, PCMIW, PCMIW, PCMIW and PCMIW, compared with normal room without phase change material (PCMOW), have been studied experimentally in this paper, and the cold storage conditions of PCMOW, PCMIW and PCMIW are compared with those of normal room without phase change material (PCMOW).During the experiment, three strategies were used: natural cold storage strategy, night natural convection strategy and night forced ventilation strategy.The experimental results are analyzed by contrast method.The effect of night natural convection strategy and night forced ventilation strategy is better than that of natural cold storage strategy. The result of night forced ventilation strategy is not better than that of night natural convection strategy and consumes the power consumption of exhaust fan.The night natural convection strategy is optimal.The results of PCMIW are better than that of PCMOW in three stages, and the indoor temperature of PCMIW and PCMOW are lower than that of reference.Based on the measured data, the heat transfer model of phase change envelope is established, and the correctness of the model is verified by relative error analysis and Bland-Altman consistency analysis.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU111.4

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