鄂东南传统街屋建筑艺术特色研究

发布时间：2018-07-17 15:15

【摘要】：在湖北众多传统民俗建筑之中,比较具有代表性的是传统街屋建筑,而鄂东南地区的传统街屋建筑又是最具特色的,非常有研究价值。传统街屋建筑作为人们生活的人为环境、条件和舞台,同时也作为传统民居文化的载体和要素,在中国本土建筑文化体系中占有及其重要的地位。鄂东南传统街屋建筑是当地十分有特点的商业建筑与民居统一结合的建筑形式,它反映了当地城市的兴衰史。鄂东南传统街屋建筑的特色首先是他的平面布局它的内部空间将功能性与布局特色巧妙的结合在一起,将街廊与骑楼空间,店面与居住空间,天井与天斗空间的关系表现的非常有序,同时对影响街屋建筑的自然,社会,人文条件进行了深入的分析,对其成因有了深刻的认识和理解。传统街屋建筑的立面与结构也是其主要特色的体现,排门式与石库门式的大门造型和灌斗墙,封火墙的形态中彰显了门与墙的地域特色,尤其是砖木混合结构,柱子形式,蚂蟥攀,抬梁式与穿斗式的混合构架无疑表现了结构的独特性。特别是传统街屋建筑的材料具有地域特点,从生土,木材,石材和砖的选择,既要取材方便,又要便于加工和运输,且要适宜于当地的自然环境和社会环境,使建筑材料成为表达建筑文化的载体。基于以上的分析,传统街屋建筑不仅具有功能性,实用性,商业性,更重要的是它具有建筑的审美特征,它不仅从布局上呈现美学意义,而且从建筑构件上具有装饰美,抽象美,艺术性,使建筑美上升为一种艺术精神。在忽视自然环境的当代社会,鄂东南传统街屋建筑蕴含着“天人合一”的生态观,以及传统街屋建筑所具有的那种亲和,舒适,接近自然,体现人性的特点,只有真正做到了这种哲学理念,我们才能更好的走可持续发展的道路。根据传统街屋建筑“天人合一”的哲学理念,结合现在社会环境所要求的新功能,有利于我们在保护传统文化遗产的同时,更好的开发和利用这一历史的瑰宝。
[Abstract]:Among the many traditional folklore buildings in Hubei, the traditional street house architecture is more representative, and the traditional street house building in southeast Hubei is the most distinctive one, which is of great research value. As the artificial environment, condition and stage of people's life, the traditional street house architecture plays an important role in the Chinese native architectural culture system as well as the carrier and element of the traditional residential culture. The traditional street house building in southeastern Hubei Province is a unique architectural form which combines commercial buildings with residential buildings, which reflects the history of local cities' rise and fall. The characteristics of the traditional street house architecture in southeast Hubei Province are above all his plane layout. Its internal space combines functions and layout features ingeniously, and it combines the street corridor with the garrison space, the storefront and the living space. The relationship between the patio and the space is very orderly. At the same time, the natural, social and humanistic conditions that affect the buildings in the street houses are deeply analyzed, and the causes of the formation are deeply understood and understood. The facade and structure of the traditional street house building are also the main features of the building. The gate modeling and filling wall of the row door type and the stone library door type, the form of the fire sealing wall shows the regional characteristic of the door and the wall, especially the brick and wood mixed structure, the form of the pillar. The mixed structure of leech climbing, beamlift and bucket undoubtedly shows the uniqueness of the structure. In particular, the materials of traditional street buildings have regional characteristics. From the selection of raw soil, wood, stone and bricks, they should be convenient for material selection, easy to process and transport, and suitable for the local natural and social environment. Make building materials become the carrier of architectural culture. Based on the above analysis, the traditional street building not only has the function, practicability, commercial, more importantly, it has the aesthetic characteristic of the building, it not only presents the aesthetic significance from the layout, but also has the decoration beauty from the architectural component. Abstract beauty and artistry make architectural beauty a kind of artistic spirit. In the contemporary society which neglects the natural environment, the traditional street house architecture in southeastern Hubei contains the ecological view of "the unity of nature and man", as well as the affinity, comfort, proximity to nature and the human nature of the traditional street house architecture. Only when we truly achieve this philosophy, we can better follow the path of sustainable development. According to the philosophy of "harmony of nature and man" in traditional street buildings and the new functions required by the social environment, it is beneficial for us to develop and utilize this historical treasure better while protecting the traditional cultural heritage.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU-86

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