建筑外墙保温腻子的研制

发布时间：2018-10-29 15:28

【摘要】：建筑节能已经成为我国节能工作中一个重要的组成部分,使用外墙保温材料是目前实现建筑节能最主要的措施,保温腻子是近年来研究较为广泛的一种新型外墙隔热保温材料。它具有干密度小、导热系数较低,并且抗老化、耐候性好、配料简单、防火性能优异、成本低、施工方便等特点。本文首先深入地分析了粉煤灰漂珠的矿物组成和物理性能,并通过正交实验探究了粉煤灰漂珠的密度和粒径对保温腻子导热性能的影响,找到了导热系数最低、密度为0.451g/ml、粒径为40-60目的粉煤灰漂珠作为保温腻子的主要的功能骨料。其次,用溶胶-凝胶法合成了介孔二氧化硅,并用六甲基二硅胺烷对其进行了表面改性,研究了以介孔二氧化硅为填料,弹性乳液为胶黏剂,制备的复合材料的导热系数,发现介孔二氧化硅具有较小的导热系数,只是具有亲水性能,容易吸附水分子,导致其导热系数一定程度的增大,疏水改性后,效果变好。最后,以粉煤灰漂珠为主要功能材料,陶瓷微珠、介孔二氧化硅和远红外粉为辅助功能材料,并加入适量的弹性乳液试制建筑外墙保温腻子,采用正交实验设计获取各组分的最佳比例。试验结果表明：(1)随着粉煤灰漂珠密度的降低和粒径的增大,保温腻子的导热系数在逐渐的减小；(2)由于吸附的水的影响,介孔二氧化硅改性后,导热系数减小了一半；(3)介孔材料的导热系数接近天然大孔结构的漂珠；(4)粉煤灰漂珠和远红外粉的用量对保温腻子的导热系数有比较显著的影响；(5)远红外粉和粉煤灰漂珠对保温腻子的体积收缩率有显著的影响；(6)原料中粉煤灰漂珠、陶瓷微珠、介孔二氧化硅、远红外粉的最佳配比是：20：16：3：4,最佳配比下的导热系数能达到0.048W/(m·K)
[Abstract]:Building energy conservation has become an important part of energy conservation work in our country, the use of external wall insulation materials is the most important measure to achieve building energy saving. Thermal insulation putty is a new type of thermal insulation and insulation material which has been widely studied in recent years. It has the advantages of low dry density, low thermal conductivity, anti-aging, good weathering resistance, simple ingredients, excellent fire resistance, low cost and convenient construction. In this paper, the mineral composition and physical properties of fly ash beads are analyzed in depth, and the effects of density and particle size of fly ash beads on thermal conductivity of thermal insulation putty are investigated through orthogonal experiments, and the lowest thermal conductivity is found. The density is 0.451g / ml and the particle size is 40-60. The fly ash drifter is used as the main functional aggregate of the thermal insulation putty. Secondly, mesoporous silica was synthesized by sol-gel method and modified with hexamethyldisilylamine. The thermal conductivity of the composite prepared by using mesoporous silica as filler and elastic emulsion as adhesive was studied. It is found that mesoporous silica has small thermal conductivity, but it is hydrophilic and easy to adsorb water molecules, which leads to the increase of thermal conductivity to a certain extent. After hydrophobic modification, the effect becomes better. Finally, with fly ash beads as main functional materials, ceramic beads, mesoporous silica and far-infrared powder as auxiliary functional materials, suitable amount of elastic emulsion was added to produce building exterior wall insulation putty. The optimum proportion of each component was obtained by orthogonal design. The results show that: (1) with the decrease of the density of fly ash beads and the increase of particle size, the thermal conductivity of thermal insulation putty decreases gradually; (2) because of the influence of adsorbed water, the thermal conductivity of mesoporous silica is reduced by half after modification, (3) the thermal conductivity of mesoporous materials is close to that of natural macroporous beads. (4) the amount of fly ash beads and far infrared powder has a significant effect on the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation putty, (5) the far infrared powder and the fly ash drifter have a significant effect on the volume shrinkage of the thermal insulation putty. (6) the optimum ratio of fly ash beads, ceramic beads, mesoporous silica and far-infrared powder in raw materials is 20: 16: 3: 4, and the thermal conductivity can reach 0.048W/ (m K).
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU561.4;TU551

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