新型可调刚度粘弹性阻尼器的有限元分析和试验研究
发布时间：2019-01-18 11:26
【摘要】：随着我国经济的发展和技术科技的不断提高,超高层结构、大跨度桥梁、以及大跨度空间结构也不断增多。由于结构的复杂性,这些对我国结构设计和抗震技术提出了更大的挑战。而尤其我国属于地震多发国家,近几十年来地震给我国带来的人员伤亡以及财产损失十分严重,所以抗风抗震技术的提高显得尤为重要。 粘弹性阻尼器是一种有效的被动减震(振)控制装置,其结构简单、制作方便具有很广泛的工程适用性。但是随着对抗震技术要求的不断提高,传统的粘弹性阻尼器所提供的剪切刚度单一、不可控,导致粘弹性阻尼器在发展和应用中的受到限制。磁流变弹性体可以看成是剪切刚度可调的粘弹性材料,属于磁流变智能材料的一个新分支,在没有外部磁场的作用下,磁流变弹性体发挥粘弹性体的性能,在外部磁场的作用下,可以提供一个可控的剪切刚度,目前磁流变弹性体已经在在减振器,硬度可调防震垫,汽车悬架和可变阻抗面等方面进行了探索。 为了能保留传统粘弹性阻尼器的优良性能,又使得粘弹性阻尼器有一个幅度很大的可调剪切刚度,本文利用磁流变弹性体设计了新型可调刚度粘弹性阻尼器。新型可调刚度粘弹性阻尼器的设计来源于传统的粘弹性阻尼器,文本用磁流变弹性体代替粘弹性阻尼器的普通橡胶材料。新型阻尼器在没有外部磁场的情况下,由粘弹性材料发挥耗能作用,在外界磁场的作用下,磁流变材料中的磁性颗粒可以产生一个可控的剪切力。 良好的磁路是磁流变效应能够高效发挥的重要因素,为了确保自行设计的阻尼器磁路能有效的运行,本文对自行设计的新型可调刚度阻尼器进行了磁场有限元分析和电磁学分析,利用所建立的有限元模型和电磁学模型进一步验证了设计的可行性和合理性,并对尺寸组合进行了优化。 本文按照理论分析所的方案,对新型阻尼器实体铸造,并利用液压伺服加载系统对阻尼器进行了性能试验,试验证明新型阻尼器随电流的改变有一个连续可调的剪切刚度。最后本文建立起适用于新型可调刚度粘弹性阻尼器的力学模型,并利用软件进行仿真与试验数据进行对比,证明了力学模型的正确性。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the improvement of technology in our country, the number of super-high-rise structures, long-span bridges and long-span spatial structures is increasing. Due to the complexity of the structure, these challenges to the structural design and seismic technology in China. Especially our country belongs to the earthquake-prone country. In recent decades, the earthquake has caused serious casualties and property losses in our country, so the improvement of anti-wind anti-seismic technology is particularly important. Viscoelastic damper is an effective passive shock absorber (vibration) control device. Its structure is simple, and its fabrication is convenient and has a wide range of engineering applicability. However, with the increasing demands on seismic technology, the shear stiffness provided by the traditional viscoelastic dampers is single and uncontrollable, which leads to the limitation of the development and application of viscoelastic dampers. Magnetorheological elastomer can be regarded as a viscoelastic material with adjustable shear stiffness, which belongs to a new branch of magnetorheological smart material. Without the effect of external magnetic field, the magneto-rheological elastomer can play the role of viscoelastic body. Under the action of external magnetic field, a controllable shear stiffness can be provided. At present, the magneto-rheological elastomer has been explored in the aspects of shock absorber, adjustable hardness cushion, automobile suspension and variable impedance surface, etc. In order to preserve the excellent performance of the traditional viscoelastic dampers and make the viscoelastic dampers have a large range of adjustable shear stiffness, a new type of adjustable stiffness viscoelastic dampers are designed by using magneto-rheological elastomer. A new type of viscoelastic damper with adjustable stiffness is designed from the traditional viscoelastic damper. In this paper, the conventional rubber material of viscoelastic damper is replaced by magneto-rheological elastomer. Under the condition of no external magnetic field, the new damper can dissipate energy by viscoelastic material. Under the action of external magnetic field, the magnetic particles in the magneto-rheological material can produce a controllable shear force. A good magnetic circuit is an important factor for the high efficiency of the magnetorheological effect. In order to ensure that the self-designed magnetic circuit of the damper can operate effectively, In this paper, the magnetic field finite element analysis and electromagnetism analysis of the new adjustable stiffness damper are carried out. The feasibility and rationality of the design are further verified by using the established finite element model and the electromagnetic model. The size combination is optimized. In this paper, according to the scheme of theoretical analysis, the solid casting of the new damper is carried out, and the performance test of the damper with hydraulic servo loading system is carried out. It is proved that the new damper has a continuously adjustable shear stiffness with the change of current. Finally, a mechanical model suitable for a new type of adjustable stiffness viscoelastic damper is established, and the correctness of the mechanical model is proved by comparing the simulation data with the experimental data by using the software.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU352.11
本文编号：2410663
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the improvement of technology in our country, the number of super-high-rise structures, long-span bridges and long-span spatial structures is increasing. Due to the complexity of the structure, these challenges to the structural design and seismic technology in China. Especially our country belongs to the earthquake-prone country. In recent decades, the earthquake has caused serious casualties and property losses in our country, so the improvement of anti-wind anti-seismic technology is particularly important. Viscoelastic damper is an effective passive shock absorber (vibration) control device. Its structure is simple, and its fabrication is convenient and has a wide range of engineering applicability. However, with the increasing demands on seismic technology, the shear stiffness provided by the traditional viscoelastic dampers is single and uncontrollable, which leads to the limitation of the development and application of viscoelastic dampers. Magnetorheological elastomer can be regarded as a viscoelastic material with adjustable shear stiffness, which belongs to a new branch of magnetorheological smart material. Without the effect of external magnetic field, the magneto-rheological elastomer can play the role of viscoelastic body. Under the action of external magnetic field, a controllable shear stiffness can be provided. At present, the magneto-rheological elastomer has been explored in the aspects of shock absorber, adjustable hardness cushion, automobile suspension and variable impedance surface, etc. In order to preserve the excellent performance of the traditional viscoelastic dampers and make the viscoelastic dampers have a large range of adjustable shear stiffness, a new type of adjustable stiffness viscoelastic dampers are designed by using magneto-rheological elastomer. A new type of viscoelastic damper with adjustable stiffness is designed from the traditional viscoelastic damper. In this paper, the conventional rubber material of viscoelastic damper is replaced by magneto-rheological elastomer. Under the condition of no external magnetic field, the new damper can dissipate energy by viscoelastic material. Under the action of external magnetic field, the magnetic particles in the magneto-rheological material can produce a controllable shear force. A good magnetic circuit is an important factor for the high efficiency of the magnetorheological effect. In order to ensure that the self-designed magnetic circuit of the damper can operate effectively, In this paper, the magnetic field finite element analysis and electromagnetism analysis of the new adjustable stiffness damper are carried out. The feasibility and rationality of the design are further verified by using the established finite element model and the electromagnetic model. The size combination is optimized. In this paper, according to the scheme of theoretical analysis, the solid casting of the new damper is carried out, and the performance test of the damper with hydraulic servo loading system is carried out. It is proved that the new damper has a continuously adjustable shear stiffness with the change of current. Finally, a mechanical model suitable for a new type of adjustable stiffness viscoelastic damper is established, and the correctness of the mechanical model is proved by comparing the simulation data with the experimental data by using the software.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU352.11
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