biochar moisture constants soil water availability water str

  本文关键词：生物炭对土壤水分特征及水胁迫条件下高粱生长的影响，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

生物炭对土壤水分特征及水胁迫条件下高粱生长的影响

Effects of Biochar on Water Characteristics of Soil and Sorghum Growth Under Conditions of Soil Water Stress

[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]

WANG Hao , JIAO Xiaoyan , WANG Jinsong , WU Ailian , DING Yuchuan , DONG Erwei , WANG Lige （1. School of Biological Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006 ; 2

[1]山西大学生物工程学院,太原030006; [2]山西省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所,太原030031

文章摘要：为明确生物炭对土壤水分有效性及作物生长的影响,采用室内模拟和盆栽试验,研究了不同生物炭添加比例（0,0.5%,1%,3%和6%（w/w））对土壤水分特征和水胁迫（相对含水量45%）条件下高粱（Sorghum bicolor（L.）Moench）苗期生长的影响。结果表明,随生物炭添加比例增加,土壤吸湿系数、凋萎湿度、田间持水量、饱和含水量、土壤毛管孔隙和总孔隙度呈增加趋势,而容重降低;生物炭明显提高了土壤的EC值,0,0.5%,1%,3%和6%处理分别为0.16,0.33,0.47,0.89,1.58mS/cm。添加生物炭在一定程度上能够控制土壤的水分蒸发,提高土壤保水能力和土壤的有效水含量,但在相同含水量下土壤水的有效性降低。在水分胁迫条件下,6%处理提高了高粱叶片相对含水量,但其植株水势最低,同时蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间二氧化碳浓度和净光合速率最低;0.5%处理叶水势最高,蒸腾速率、气孔导度和净光合速率较高,同时干物质累积最大,表明施用0.5%的生物炭能够改善土壤水分环境,促进水胁迫条件下高粱生长。

Abstr：Experiments were carried out to study the effects of biochar,made from corn straw,on soil water constants in laboratory.Then the effects of biochar supplied rate at 0,0.5%,1%,3%,6%（w/w）on soil water availability and seeding growth of sorghum（Sorghum bicolor（L.）Moench）under conditions of water stress were conducted in greenhouse.The soil moisture was kept at 45% of filed capacity throughout the greenhouse experiment.The results demonstrated that soil wilting moisture,field capacity,saturated water content,soil capillary porosity and the total porosity were increased with the rate of biochar application,whereas soil bulk density was declined.Electric conductivity（EC）was significantly affected by addition of biochar,which were 0.16,0.33,0.47,0.89,1.58mS/cm at the application rate of 0,0.5%,1%,3%and6%respectively.Biochar application could increase soil water holding capacity and delay evaporation from soil,but soil water availability was decreased.Under the conditions of water stress,biochar application rate at 6% enhanced sorghum leaf relative water content,along with the lowest of plant water potential,leaf transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration and the net photosynthetic rate in all treatments.The highest plant water potential,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate were observed when biochar supplied at 0.5%.As a result,the biggest biomass was obtained by 0.5% biochar application rate.Those results showed that biochar applied at 0.5%could improve soil moisture status and promote crop growth when soil water was deficient.

文章关键词：

Keyword：:biochar moisture constants soil water availability water stress sorghum photosynthesis

课题项目：山西省国际合作项目（2014081040）; 山西省科技攻关项目（20130311009-2）

  本文关键词：生物炭对土壤水分特征及水胁迫条件下高粱生长的影响，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。