微生物采油技术试验研究

发布时间：2019-01-05 16:12

【摘要】：随着行油勘探规模的增人,在我国发现巨型整装特人型油田的儿率越米越小,而高速发展的国民经济对石油的需求量不断增加,为适应当前经济形势,我国石油工业开发建设的目标逐渐转向低产、低压、低渗透油田。我厂管辖的大庆油田外同尔部葡萄花油层就属于此类“二低”油藏,经过二十年的开发建设,先期投产的老油田已进入中、高含水期开发阶段,如何应用新技术提高此类油田采收率,成为当前需要攻关的重要课题。微生物采油提高采收率技术以其成本低、适用性强、施工简单、不伤害储层及无污染等优点受到石油业的普遍重视。以烃为碳源的微生物采油技术主要是利用其生物作用和生物化学作用来提高采收率的,即依靠其在油藏中利用原油中的重烃组分为碳源,通过自身的生长、代谢和繁殖改善原油性质;代谢大量有益产物,降低了油藏中油、水和岩石的界面张力,提高原油的流动性。但是所选菌种能否在地层条件下生长和繁殖、代谢产物能否有效地改善原油流动性、其生物化学作用如何启动剩余油以及低渗透油田采用微生物驱油技术的最佳时机等问题是该技术得以推广的关键。本文在室内物理模拟实验的基础上,研究了微生物在多孔介质中与原油的作用,生长、繁殖和运移规律及该技术对提高采收率的影响;以数值模拟研究为手段,探讨了微生物驱油技术的合理浓度、用量、时机及注入方式等:同时,在宋芳屯油田开展微生物驱油现场试验,结合油田储层物性、构造特征、剩余油分布等分析了试验井组的受效规律与特点,初步探讨了微生物驱油技术对不同储层油井的适应性,指出了该技术在油田的发展和应用前景。
[Abstract]:With the increase in the scale of oil exploration, the rate of finding giant oil fields in China is getting smaller and smaller, and the demand for oil in the rapidly developing national economy is increasing, in order to adapt to the current economic situation. The target of development and construction of petroleum industry in China has gradually turned to low-yield, low-pressure and low-permeability oil fields. The Tongerbian Putaohua reservoir in Daqing oil field under my factory's jurisdiction belongs to this kind of "second low" reservoir. After 20 years of development and construction, the old oil field that was put into production in advance has entered the stage of development in the middle and high water cut period. How to use new technology to improve oil recovery has become an important task. Microbial oil recovery technology has been widely paid attention to by oil industry because of its advantages of low cost, strong applicability, simple construction, no damage to reservoir and no pollution. Microbial oil recovery technology with hydrocarbon as carbon source mainly uses its biological and biochemical action to improve oil recovery, that is, depending on the use of heavy hydrocarbon components in oil reservoir as carbon source, the microbial oil recovery technology can grow through its own growth. Metabolism and reproduction to improve the properties of crude oil; By metabolizing a large number of beneficial products, the interfacial tension of oil, water and rock in the reservoir is reduced, and the flowability of crude oil is improved. But can the selected bacteria grow and reproduce under stratigraphic conditions, and can the metabolites effectively improve the flow of crude oil? The key to popularize this technology is how to start the remaining oil by biochemical action and the best time to adopt microbial oil displacement technology in low permeability oil fields. On the basis of laboratory physical simulation experiments, the interaction, growth, propagation and migration of microorganisms with crude oil in porous media and the effect of this technique on oil recovery were studied. By means of numerical simulation, the reasonable concentration, dosage, timing and injection mode of microbial oil displacement technology are discussed. At the same time, the field test of microbial oil displacement is carried out in Songfangtun Oilfield, combining with reservoir physical properties and structural characteristics. The distribution of residual oil is analyzed in this paper, the effect law and characteristics of test well group are analyzed, the adaptability of microbial oil displacement technology to oil wells in different reservoirs is discussed, and the development and application prospect of this technology in oil field are pointed out.
【学位授予单位】：大庆石油学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：TE357.9

【引证文献】