我国多沙河流水库“蓄清排浑”运用方式的发展与实践

发布时间：2018-01-29 00:33

本文关键词： 多沙河流水库运用方式蓄清排浑长期有效库容　出处：《水利学报》2016年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在多沙河流上修建水库将产生泥沙淤积,直接影响水库的寿命及防洪、发电、航运、供水等综合效益的发挥。20世纪70年代初,针对三门峡水库严重的泥沙淤积问题,我国水利科技工作者创新性地提出了水库"蓄清排浑"运用方式,并在黄河小浪底水库和长江三峡水库等水利枢纽工程中得到了应用和发展,成功解决了多沙河流水库泥沙淤积与水库效益之间的矛盾,减少了水库淤积,保持了水库有效库容长期使用,充分发挥了水库的综合效益,为多沙河流水库泥沙问题处理找到了一条行之有效的新途径。随着对水库泥沙问题认识的深化,"蓄清排浑"运用方式在实践中还将得到不断优化和完善。结合江河水沙变化的实际情况,本文提出了长江三峡水库和黄河小浪底水库等工程运行方式进一步优化的建议,为更好地保障水利枢纽工程的安全和综合效益的发挥,促进水库泥沙理论与技术的发展提供科技支撑。
[Abstract]:Building a reservoir on a sandy river will produce silt deposition, which will directly affect the reservoir's life and the comprehensive benefits of flood control, power generation, shipping, water supply and so on. In the early 70s of the 20th century. In view of the serious siltation problem of Sanmenxia Reservoir, the water conservancy science and technology workers of our country creatively put forward the operation mode of reservoir "storing, clearing and discharging muddy". It has been applied and developed in the Xiaolangdi Reservoir and the three Gorges Reservoir of the Yellow River, which has successfully solved the contradiction between sediment deposition and reservoir benefit and reduced the reservoir siltation. The effective reservoir capacity has been maintained for a long time and the comprehensive benefit of the reservoir has been brought into full play, and a new and effective way has been found to deal with the sediment problem in the reservoir with the deepening of the understanding of the sediment problem in the reservoir. The application mode of "storing clear water and discharging muddy" will be optimized and perfected continuously in practice, combining with the actual situation of river water and sediment change. This paper puts forward some suggestions for further optimization of the operation mode of the three Gorges Reservoir and the Xiaolangdi Reservoir of the Yellow River in order to better ensure the safety and comprehensive benefit of the water conservancy project. To promote the development of reservoir sediment theory and technology to provide scientific and technological support.
【作者单位】：中国水利水电科学研究院流域水环境模拟与调控国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAB04B02)
【分类号】：TV145
【正文快照】： 1研究背景我国许多河流含沙量一般都较大,特别是北方的河流,多为含沙量很大的多沙河流。在多沙河流上修建水库,将改变天然河流的水沙条件,打破河床形态的相对平衡,使河流水沙过程和河床形态重新调整,进而导致水库严重淤积,如黄河三门峡水库、永定河官厅水库等[1-3]。水库泥沙

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