水轮机流道非恒定流对过机鱼体影响研究

发布时间：2018-02-02 09:01

本文关键词： 水轮机水力机械非恒定流 CFD数值模拟草鱼幼鱼试验　出处：《水利水电技术》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：基于鱼类借助水轮机流道下行过坝时成活率较低的背景,在利用视频分析技术捕捉草鱼幼鱼通过模型轴流式水轮机下行典型路径的基础上,结合CFD数值模拟技术对水轮机流道非恒定流对过机鱼体的影响进行深入研究。结果表明,水轮机过渡过程中导叶关闭时间与过机鱼体的损伤概率有一定的相关性。随着水轮机导叶关闭时间的延长,鱼体通过水轮机下行的受压力损伤概率降低,但受压力梯度损伤的概率增加。综合比较压力及压力梯度对过机鱼体的损伤影响,表明:导叶关闭时间延长会增加对过机鱼体造成损伤的概率。因此,对于水轮机流道有过鱼需求的水电站,在不影响稳定运行的条件下,为保护鱼体安全过机,应适当降低导叶关闭时间。研究结论可对减小过机鱼体损伤概率的水轮机优化运行提供一定参考。
[Abstract]:Based on the background that the survival rate of fish is low when they pass through the dam with the help of turbine runner, the typical path of juvenile grass carp is caught by video analysis technology through the model axial flow turbine. Combined with CFD numerical simulation technology, the effect of unsteady flow in turbine runner on the fish body was studied. There is a certain correlation between the lead vane closing time and the damage probability of the fish body during the turbine transition. With the extension of the turbine lead blade closing time, the damage probability of the fish body through the turbine downlink is reduced. But the probability of damage caused by pressure gradient is increased. Comparing the influence of pressure and pressure gradient on the damage of the fish body, it is shown that the extension of the closing time of guide vane will increase the probability of damage to the fish body. For the hydro-power station which has fish demand in the runner of hydraulic turbine, it is safe for the protection of the fish body under the condition of not affecting the stable operation of the hydropower station. The conclusion of the study can provide some reference for the optimal operation of hydraulic turbine which can reduce the damage probability of the fish body.
【作者单位】：三峡大学水利与环境学院;河海大学水利水电学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(51409151)
【分类号】：TV734.1
【正文快照】： 0引言为缓解水电发展与鱼类保护的矛盾,各国在规划大坝和堤堰建设的同时需要提出合理的鱼类保护方案[1-2]。鱼类通过水轮机流道下行过坝是一种较为经济有效的鱼类下行措施,然而水轮机内部复杂的流道环境对通过其下行的鱼类又带来了巨大的威胁。鱼类在通过水轮机流道下行时通常

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