小湾水库消落带空间分布特征

发布时间：2018-02-04 23:02

本文关键词： 消落带空间分布生态环境变化小湾水库澜沧江　出处：《云南大学学报(自然科学版)》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：明确消落带空间分布是研究消落带生态环境变化的重要基础,同时也对小湾水库消落带的治理与生态恢复有重要指导意义.作者以小湾库区干流澜沧江和支流黑惠江消落带为研究对象,基于高分一号和Google Earth影像数据,利用Arc GIS空间分析功能,对库区不同高程、县域、坡度和坡向的消落带面积进行了统计和分析.结果表明:小湾库区消落带总面积为87.03 km2,其中干流面积为48.46 km2,支流面积为38.57 km2.小湾库区消落带共涉及云南省三个地州(市),消落带面积分别为大理州32.84 km2,临沧市26.65 km2,保山市27.54 km2,其主要分布在临沧的凤庆、保山的昌宁、大理的永平和巍山四县.在海拔梯度上,消落带面积主要分布在海拔1 190~1 200、1 210~1 220、1 230~1 240 m 3个高程范围内,其面积均超过18 km2,三者之和占总面积比例超过60%.小湾水库消落带主要分布在坡度小于35°区域,其中15°的平缓坡消落带面积最大,达到26.12 km2,占总面积的30%左右,且其主要分布在干流,支流平缓坡消落带面积较小.15°~35°之间的斜坡、陡坡分布的消落带面积超过了总面积的一半,为43.79 km2.整个小湾库区,平坡消落带的面积最大,其次为东北、西南坡向,分别占总面积的13.39%和13.20%.
[Abstract]:It is an important foundation to study the ecological environment change of the subsidence zone by making clear the spatial distribution of the zone. At the same time, it has an important guiding significance for the treatment and ecological restoration of the Xiaowan reservoir collapse zone. The author takes the Lancang River and the Heihuijiang River as the research object of the Xiaowan Reservoir area. Based on the image data of Gao Fen No. 1 and Google Earth, using the spatial analysis function of Arc GIS, the different elevation and county area of the reservoir area are analyzed. The results show that the total area of collapse zone in Xiaowan Reservoir area is 87.03 km ~ 2, in which the main stream area is 48.46 km2. The area of the branch is 38.57 km ~ 2. The area of Xiaowan reservoir area is 32.84 km ~ 2 in Dali prefecture and 26.65 km2 in Linchang city. Baoshan 27.54 km ~ 2, mainly distributed in Fengqing of Lincang, Changning of Baoshan, Yongping and Weishan of Dali. The area of the subsidence zone is mainly distributed in the range of 3 elevations of 1 190 ~ (1 200) ~ 1 210 ~ (10) ~ 1 220 ~ (20) ~ (1 230) ~ (1 240) m above sea level. Its area is more than 18 km ~ 2, the sum of the three is more than 60% of the total area. The decline zone of Xiaowan Reservoir is mainly distributed in the area of slope less than 35 掳, of which the area of 15 掳flat gentle slope drop zone is the largest. It reaches 26.12 km ~ 2, accounting for about 30% of the total area, and it is mainly distributed in the main stream. The area of steep slope distribution is more than half of the total area, which is 43.79 km2. The area of flat slope drop zone is the largest in Xiaowan reservoir area, followed by northeast and southwest slope. It accounts for 13.39% and 13.20 percent of the total area, respectively.
【作者单位】：云南大学生态学博士后科研流动站;云南省国际河流与跨境生态安全重点实验室;云南大学国际河流与生态安全研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金青年项目(41601296) 中国博士后科学基金(2016M592720) 云南省应用基础研究计划青年项目(2016FD011)
【分类号】：TV697
【正文快照】： 消落带(water level fluctuating zone)是指河流、湖泊、水库等由于季节性水位消涨或周期性蓄水在最高水位线与最低水位线之间形成的消涨区域[1-3].根据塑造营力差异,分为自然消落带和人工消落带.其中自然消落带由水位自然变化过程形成,根据临近水体的类型,可分为河岸带、湖滨

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