湖北省河道非法采砂整治对策研究

发布时间：2018-02-11 15:39

本文关键词： 河道砂石非法采砂依法整治　出处：《华中师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：河道砂石是河床的重要组成部分,也是重要的自然资源,在各类工程建设、场地平整、路基填筑等特别是混凝土配置中被广泛应用,为国家建设和地方经济社会发展发挥着重要作用。湖北素有“千湖之省”之称,河流纵横、水网交织,其中不少河流蕴藏着宝贵的砂石资源。但是,近年来受上游地区风沙治理和长江三峡大坝、汉江丹江口大坝等拦截影响,上游来砂量和补给量严重减少,导致河道砂石大幅锐减。在大规模城镇化建设和基础设施建设的现状下,锐减的河道砂石远远不能满足砂石市场需要,砂石供需关系严重失衡,短缺的河道砂石资源与旺盛的砂石市场需求成了当前突出矛盾。这一矛盾使得河道砂石成了“香饽饽”,直接推高了其高额利润。在高额利润的驱动下,许多采砂从业人员将眼光瞄向了河道,纷纷从河道里采砂。由此,河道非法采砂现象屡禁不止,滥采乱挖现象时常发生。河道非法采砂,不仅损害了堤防、取水口、桥梁、码头、水下光缆等工程设施,影响了河势稳定,危及了防洪安全、通航安全和生态安全；而且侵害了国家资源,扰乱了砂石市场秩序,影响了社会稳定。由非法采砂引起的工程损毁、沉船死人、聚众械斗等事情屡见不鲜。对此,社会媒体高度关注,各级领导高度重视。河道非法采砂问题成了社会议论的热点、媒体关注的焦点、政府管理的难点。河道非法采砂的原因,除了与砂石资源供需矛盾尖锐有关,还与政府及相关主管部门监管不力、执法不严、重视不够有关。政府及其组成部门,作为市场监管、维护社会公平正义的主体,对非法采砂行为负有不可推卸的责任。整治河道非法采砂现象,实现依法、科学、有序的河道采砂秩序,是政府及相关主管部门义不容辞的职责。本文将全文分为四个部分：第一部分,介绍了河道砂石与非法开采的基本情况,分别说明了河道砂石的成因、属性特征和湖北省河道砂石的状况；第二部分,介绍了湖北省河道非法采砂的各种情形,阐述了非法采砂的危害；第三部分,从客观、主观两个方面分别剖析了非法采砂的原因,为提出整治对策提供了依据；第四部分,从政府及相关主管部门角度提出了一系列有针对性的对策,探讨了如何整治湖北省河道非法采砂问题。本文的特色之处主要是：紧扣湖北省河道非法采砂的客观实际,寻找非法采砂现象的根源,探究非法采砂整治的对策,由表及里,层层递进,有较强的针对性、时代性和现实性。而且,提出的对策既有常规对策,又有根本对策；既有当前措施,又有长远措施,远近结合,标本兼治。创新之处主要是：利用公共管理学理论研究非法采砂的整治对策,不仅综合运用了组织、法律、行政手段,而且运用了市场手段,提出使用河道砂石的替代品——人工砂,体现了实事求是、尊重规律的原则；不仅提出了严格监管、依法行政等措施,而且提出了转变发展方式、建设规模,从而建设对河道砂石资源的需求,体现了标本兼治、远近结合的思想。
[Abstract]:River sand and gravel is an important part of river bed as well as an important natural resource. It is widely applied in various engineering construction, site leveling, roadbed filling, especially concrete placement, and plays an important role in national construction and local economic and social development.
Hubei is known as "1000 lake called" the province, rivers, rivers intertwined, many rivers contain precious stone resources. However, in recent years by the sand control in the upper reaches of the Hanjiang River in Danjiangkou and the Yangtze River Three Gorges Dam, dam upstream to intercept, sand content and recharge severely reduced, resulting in sand dropped sharply. In the present situation of large-scale urbanization and infrastructure construction, river gravel sand dropped far can not meet the needs of the market, a serious imbalance between supply and demand shortage of sand, river sand resource and strong sand market demand became the prominent contradiction. This contradiction makes sand become "xiangbobo" directly pushed up the high profit margins. Driven by the high profits, many mining practitioners will be eyeing the river, one after another from the river in sand. Thus, the phenomenon of repeated illegal sand excavation, abuse Disorderly excavation often occurs.
Illegal sand excavation, not only damaged dikes, water intake, bridges, docks, underwater cables and other engineering facilities, affecting the stability of river, endangering the safety of flood control, navigation safety and ecological security; and violations of the state resources, disrupting the sand market order, affect social stability. The damage caused by the illegal sand mining engineering the wreck, dead, mob fights and other things It is often seen.. In this regard, attention to social media, leaders at all levels attach great importance. Illegal river sand mining has become a hot social issue of discussion, the focus of media attention, the government management difficult.
Causes of illegal sand excavation, in addition to the contradiction between supply and demand and sharp sand resources, and also lack of government and relevant departments in charge of supervision, lax enforcement, inadequate attention. The government and its departments, as market supervision, safeguard social fairness and justice of the body, can not shirk its responsibility for the illegal sand mining behavior. The scientific remediation illegal river sand phenomenon, according to law, and ordered the river sand mining order, is the bounden duty of government and related departments.
This paper will be divided into four parts: the first part introduces the basic situation of the illegal exploitation of river sand and river sand, respectively explains the reasons, characteristics and status of Hubei province river sand; the second part introduces all kinds of situation in Hubei province illegal river sand mining, expounds the harmfulness of illegal sand mining; third part from the objective and subjective two aspects respectively, analyzes the causes of illegal sand mining, and provides basis for countermeasures; the fourth part, from the perspective of the government and relevant departments put forward a series of targeted measures, discusses how to control illegal sand excavation in Hubei province.
This feature of the paper is: the objective reality of Hubei Province on illegal river sand mining, to find the root of the phenomenon of illegal sand mining, illegal sand mining remediation countermeasures, from the outside to the inside, progressive layers, with strong pertinence, the times and reality. And put forward the Countermeasures of both conventional measures and fundamental countermeasures; both the current measures and long-term measures, the combination of distance, tackling the problem.
The main innovation is: Countermeasures Research on illegal sand mining use of public management, not only the comprehensive use of the organization, legal, administrative means, and the use of the market means, put forward the use of sand substitute artificial sand, embodies the principle of seeking truth from facts, respect for the law; not only put forward the strict supervision according to law and administrative measures, and put forward the transformation of the mode of development, the scale of construction, and construction of river sand resource demand, reflecting the symptoms, the combination of distance thinking.

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV85

【参考文献】