黄河下游高含沙洪水河床形态及调控指标

发布时间：2018-04-03 04:35

本文选题：黄河下游　切入点：高含沙洪水　出处：《泥沙研究》2017年05期

【摘要】：利用水库调控高含沙洪水是维持黄河下游主槽不萎缩的重要途径。基于黄河下游实测高含沙洪水冲淤特性的分析,按流量大小对高含沙洪水进行了分类,提出了黄河下游高含沙洪水的分类调控思路及相应的调控指标。大漫滩高含沙洪水,在满足黄河下游防洪要求的前提下,控制洪峰流量大于1.5倍的平滩流量,来沙系数在0.012~0.04 kg·s/m~6范围内。一般高含沙洪水,控制黄河下游洪水流量接近平滩流量,并尽可能控制来沙系数在临界值附近。高含沙小洪水,控制黄河下游洪水流量在2 500 m~3/s以下,洪水沙量小于2亿t。高含沙洪水经过分类调控后,可较大限度地利用滩地淤沙、主槽输沙能力排沙及花园口以上较大的主槽库容滞沙,维持或提高黄河下游主槽过流能力。
[Abstract]:Controlling high sediment flood by reservoir is an important way to keep the main channel of the lower Yellow River from shrinking.Based on the analysis of the scour and deposition characteristics of the high sediment flood measured in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, this paper classifies the high sediment flood according to the volume of discharge, and puts forward the idea of classification and control of the high sediment flood in the lower reaches of the Yellow River and the corresponding control indexes.On the premise of satisfying the flood control requirements of the lower Yellow River, the flood with high sediment content in the large floodplain can control the flat bank discharge with Hong Feng discharge greater than 1.5 times, and the sediment coefficient is within the range of 0.012 ~ 0.04 kg / s/m~6.Generally the flood with high sediment content controls the flood discharge in the lower reaches of the Yellow River close to the flat flow and controls the sediment coefficient near the critical value as far as possible.A small flood with high sediment content can control the flood discharge of the lower reaches of the Yellow River below 2 500 mm3 / s and the amount of flood sediment is less than 200 million t.After classified control, the flood with high sediment content can make great use of the silt in the beach, the sediment transport capacity of the main channel and the reservoir above Huayuankou to hold the sediment, so as to maintain or improve the flow capacity of the main channel in the lower reaches of the Yellow River.
【作者单位】：黄河水利科学研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51379087)
【分类号】：TV147

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