城市建筑与小区雨水利用工程综合评价的研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 16:50

本文选题：雨水利用 + 综合评价　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着城市化程度越来越高,基础设施发展快速,各种各样建筑物和道路的不断建设,使城市硬化面积快速增长,雨水不能渗入地下、导致地下水位不断下降,同时也造成了城市雨洪灾害出现频繁,使人们的生命和财产安全受到威胁。国家逐渐开始重视雨水的利用,并制定了一系列的法律法规,城市建筑与小区雨水利用工程开始大量地投入建设和运营。对雨水利用工程进行评价,对其效果进行分析,有利于减少或消除雨水利用工程在建设、运营过程中存在的问题,同时有利于进一步做好雨水利用工程的建设和管理工作。然而,在国家大力推广雨水利用的今天,针对雨水利用评价指标体系的研究一直迟迟没有进展。为了推动雨水利用的可持续发展,本文通过研究昆明市雨水利用工程的特点,运用多目标树图方法建立了一套城市建筑与小区雨水利用工程综合评价指标体系。本文确定的综合评价指标体系从投入、过程、产出和效果4个维度展开,包含9个一级指标、18个二级指标和44个基层指标。指标的权重通过向专家发放调查问卷得到指标的初步权重,然后根据层次分析法对指标权重进行处理计算,再经过一致性的检验,最终得到各指标的权重。运用多目标树图模型分析指标间的并和关系,确定归并计算法则,实现综合评价的定量归并计算,得到的计算值即为雨水利用工程综合评价的综合合意度,以此确定雨水利用工程最终的评价等级。为了验证建立的综合评价指标体系的合理性,本文选取了三个建筑与小区雨水利用工程项目实例进行验证。A小区雨水利用工程的评价结果为良(BBB),然后作者针对该雨水利用工程评价中存在问题提出相应解决措施,改进后的评价结果为优(A)。B小区雨水利用工程的评价结果为中(C),改进后的评价结果为良(BB)。雨水利用示范工程的评价结果为优(AA)。通过对实例进行评价,建议雨水的利用以入渗为主,回用为辅。本文建立的综合评价指标体系不仅能够及时发现雨水利用工程全过程中存在的问题和效果,更可对将来的雨水利用工程进行严格的控制,为工程的决策提供有力的依据,同时为雨水利用工程综合评价的试行推广做出贡献。
[Abstract]:With the increasing degree of urbanization, the rapid development of infrastructure and the continuous construction of various kinds of buildings and roads, the hardened area of the city is increasing rapidly, the rain can not infiltrate into the underground, which leads to the decline of the groundwater level and the frequent rain and flood disasters in the city, which threatens the safety of people's life and property. Gradually began to pay attention to the utilization of rainwater, and set up a series of laws and regulations. The construction and operation of rainwater utilization projects in urban buildings and residential districts began to be put into construction and operation. The evaluation of rainwater utilization engineering and analysis of its effect were beneficial to reduce or eliminate the problems in the construction of rainwater utilization projects and the problems in the operation process. In order to promote the sustainable development of rainwater utilization, in order to promote the sustainable development of rainwater utilization, this paper uses the multi target tree to study the characteristics of rainwater utilization project in Kunming and use the multi target tree. A comprehensive evaluation index system of rainwater utilization engineering for urban buildings and communities is set up. The comprehensive evaluation index system of this paper is carried out from 4 dimensions of input, process, output and effect, including 9 first grade indexes, 18 two level indexes and 44 basic indexes. The index weight is obtained by issuing questionnaires to experts to get the index. The weight of the index is processed and calculated according to the analytic hierarchy process, and then the weight of each index is finally obtained through the consistency test. The multi target tree graph model is used to analyze the relationship between the indexes, and the merging calculation rule is determined to realize the calculation of the fixed quantity of the comprehensive evaluation, and the calculated value is the rain water conservancy workers. In order to verify the final evaluation grade of rainwater utilization project, to verify the rationality of the comprehensive evaluation index system, three construction and residential rainwater utilization projects are selected to verify that the evaluation result of the rainwater utilization project of the.A district is good (BBB), and the author aims at the rain. The corresponding solution was put forward in the evaluation of water use engineering. The result of the improved evaluation was that the evaluation result of the rainwater utilization project of (A).B district was in the middle (C), the improved evaluation result was good (BB). The evaluation result of the rainwater utilization demonstration project was excellent (AA). The comprehensive evaluation index system established in this paper not only can find the problems and effects in the whole process of rainwater utilization project in time, but also can strictly control the future rainwater utilization project, provide a powerful basis for the decision of the project, and contribute to the trial promotion of the comprehensive evaluation of rainwater utilization engineering.

【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU992;TV213.9

【参考文献】