波浪在岛礁地形上传播特性的试验研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 19:51

本文选题：岛礁地形 + 波浪破碎　；参考：《大连理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,国内外已有不少在珊瑚礁礁盘上建造港口水工建筑物的实例。传至礁坪上的大波及其破碎后带来的剧烈紊动可能会对建筑物造成较严重的局部冲刷,但对于波浪在由深水传至岛礁地形及在礁坪上的传播特性尚缺乏深入的了解,对于波高波能衰减的定量分析以及对破碎判据的确定存在较多分歧。本文在总结了以往关于波浪在水深剧变地形,如海底陆架、海脊、潜堤以及珊瑚礁上传播特性的研究基础上,将岛礁地形简化为坡度为1：5的陡坡加较长水平礁坪段的地形,采用断面物理模型试验对规则波和不规则波在该地形下的传播过程、破碎判据、破碎引起的波高波能衰减以及由于破碎引起的波浪频谱变化进行了系统的分析。对该地形下的波浪传播过程进行了描述并进行理论分析,对比前人几种破波判据并给出由本试验实测数据得到的波浪破碎判据公式的形式及参数,用试验数据验证了用于描述破碎后波高变化规律的经验模型,并给出了每种水深相应的参数,拟合出以当地水深为指标的波高波能衰减公式,研究了破碎带来的频谱变化情况及破碎后波浪各阶波高与入射波高之间的关系。本文初步给出了岛礁地形下波浪破碎判据,波高波能衰减公式以及波浪破碎后的频谱变化情况。研究成果可以为工程实际以及波浪在水深剧变地形传播的数值模型研究等提供试验数据和参考。
[Abstract]:In recent years, there have been many examples of port hydraulic structures built on coral reef plates at home and abroad. The large waves transmitted to the reef and the violent turbulence brought about by the breakup may cause serious local scour to the building, but there is still a lack of in-depth understanding of the characteristics of the waves propagating from deep water to the reef and their propagation on the reef. There are many differences about the quantitative analysis of wave energy attenuation and the determination of breaking criterion. On the basis of summarizing the previous studies on the characteristics of wave propagation on sea floor shelf, ridge, submersible embankment and coral reef, the topography of island and reef is simplified to that of steep slope with a slope of 1:5 and a longer horizontal reef plateau. The propagation process of regular and irregular waves under the terrain, the breakage criterion, the attenuation of wave height energy caused by breakage and the variation of wave spectrum caused by breakage are systematically analyzed by cross-section physical model test. The wave propagation process under this terrain is described and analyzed in theory. Several breaking criteria are compared, and the form and parameters of wave breaking criterion formula obtained from the measured data of this experiment are given. The empirical model used to describe the variation of wave height after breaking is verified by experimental data, and the corresponding parameters of each water depth are given, and the attenuation formula of wave height energy based on local water depth is fitted. The variation of frequency spectrum caused by breakage and the relationship between wave height and incident wave height are studied. In this paper, the criterion of wave breakage, the attenuation formula of wave high wave energy and the variation of frequency spectrum after wave breaking are given. The results can provide experimental data and reference for engineering practice and numerical model study of wave propagation in water depth.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P731.22

【参考文献】