区域小水电机群动态等值建模研究

发布时间：2018-06-20 00:00

本文选题：小水电机群 + 动态等值　；参考：《电子科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：水是清洁能源,而我国小水电资源的开发潜力跃居世界第一位,若能充分利用小水电就地发电、供电,以及就地成网的优越性,将会对我国经济和社会的可持续发展起到重要作用。众多的小水电站接入电网之后,需要分析其对主网的影响。考虑到小水电机群中机组数量较多,网络结构较复杂,在仿真用电网模型中若详尽的考虑每一台小水电机组的具体参数,计算时可能会出现“维数灾”问题,极大的降低仿真运算分析的效率。而且大量的小水电机组中可能会出现参数未知或不准确的情况,同时考虑到小水电机组出力受季节性影响较大,很难以用固定参数的模型去等值代替。所以,对区域小水电机群进行动态等值分析有着非常重要的现实意义,即把小水电机群当作外部系统,视为一个整体分析其对研究系统的影响。本文中针对区域小水电机群集中上网的问题提出了一种动态等值建模方法,该方法是基于发电机同调等值和系统辨识的思想建立起小水电机群的等值模型,然后利用联络线上的动态潮流信息辨识出等值模型的参数,主要内容有以下几点:(1)通过比较现有的动态等值方法和等值模型,针对区域小水电机群集中并网的问题,提出了一种动态等值建模方法,并详细阐述了该方法的原理及思路。(2)通过归纳总结小水电机组的特点,提出了基于电气距离的发电机群划分方法,并建立了区域小水电机群的等值模型——虚拟同步发电机(VSG)模型,同时给出了模型的实用方程。(3)通过等值模型的数学方程,对模型参数的可辨识性进行了分析;提出了基于联络线动态潮流数据的参数辨识方法,详细介绍了如何基于同步相量测量单元(PMU)的实测数据,转换得到辨识所需的动态响应数据。(4)通过分析比较基本粒子群算法(PSO)中各参数的意义和作用,提出了一种采用更多粒子位置信息进行变异操作的改进粒子群优化算法,利用改进的PSO辨识出VSG模型的参数;并通过编程得以实现,最后在单机系统中验证了该算法的有效性。本文提出的动态等值建模方法已在IEEE10机39节点系统中进行了验证,同时也对实际的四川电网区域小水电机群进行了仿真分析,结果表明了该建模方法的可行性,为区域发电机群的在线动态等值建模奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:Water is a clean energy source, and the potential of small hydropower resources in China has leapt to the first place in the world. If we can make full use of small hydropower to generate electricity, supply electricity, and network locally, It will play an important role in the sustainable development of our economy and society. After many small hydropower stations are connected to the power grid, it is necessary to analyze its influence on the main network. Considering the large number of units in the small hydropower cluster and the complexity of the network structure, if the detailed parameters of each small hydropower unit are considered in detail in the simulation power network model, the problem of "dimension disaster" may occur in the calculation. The efficiency of simulation analysis is greatly reduced. Moreover, there may be unknown or inaccurate parameters in a large number of small hydropower units. Considering that the output force of small hydropower units is greatly affected by seasonality, it is difficult to replace it with the model with fixed parameters. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to analyze the dynamic equivalence of regional small hydropower cluster, that is, to treat the small hydropower cluster as an external system and as a whole to analyze its influence on the research system. In this paper, a dynamic equivalent modeling method is proposed to solve the problem of centralized access to the network of regional small hydropower cluster. This method is based on the idea of generator homology equivalence and system identification to establish the equivalent model of small hydropower cluster. Then the parameters of the equivalent model are identified by using the dynamic power flow information on the tie-line. The main contents are as follows: (1) by comparing the existing dynamic equivalence methods and equivalent models, we aim at the problem of centralized grid connection of regional small hydropower clusters. In this paper, a dynamic equivalent modeling method is proposed, and the principle and train of thought of this method are described in detail. By summing up the characteristics of small hydropower units, a method of generator group partition based on electrical distance is put forward. An equivalent model of regional small hydropower cluster, virtual synchronous generator (VSGG) model, is established. At the same time, the practical equation of the model is given, and the identifiability of the model parameters is analyzed through the mathematical equation of the equivalent model. A parameter identification method based on tie-line dynamic power flow data is proposed, and how to measure the measured data based on synchronous phasor measurement unit (PMU) is introduced in detail. By analyzing and comparing the significance and function of the parameters in PSO, an improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm using more information of particle position for mutation operation is proposed. The parameters of VSG model are identified by improved PSO, and realized by programming. Finally, the validity of the algorithm is verified in a single computer system. The dynamic equivalent modeling method proposed in this paper has been verified in the IEEE 10 machine 39 bus system. At the same time, the simulation analysis of the small hydropower cluster in Sichuan power network area has also been carried out. The results show that the method is feasible. It lays a foundation for online dynamic equivalent modeling of regional generator group.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV742;TV734

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