宝鸡市水质水量统一优化配置研究

发布时间：2018-07-09 10:24

本文选题：水质水量 + 优化配置　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：水是生命之源、生态之基、生产之要。然而由于不合理的开发利用，水量短缺、水质污染及生态环境恶化等水问题日趋突出，影响了人类正常的生产生活。区域水资源的合理配置与水环境保护对缓解水资源供需矛盾，促进区域社会、经济和环境协调可持续发展具有重要意义。论文以宝鸡市为研究区域，在充分分析该市水资源状况、供用水特点的基础上，建立了水质水量多目标联合优化配置模型，采用遗传算法对研究区的水源和用户进行了分质匹配，并与仅考虑水量配置结果进行了对比。研究成果对缓解宝鸡市供用水矛盾、改善水环境状况提供了科学依据。论文主要研究内容及取得的研究结论如下：（1）对宝鸡市水资源量、供用水量及结构、水质状况及污水排放情况进行了分析计算。全市水资源总量35.93亿m3，地表水占52.03%。农业用水量占总用水量的68.2%，工业用水量占14.7%，水资源利用效率较低，供需矛盾突出。区内平原区水质较差，受工业和生活废污水影响较大，主要污染物是COD和NH3-N。（2）确立了水质与水量联合配置的原则，建立了区域水质水量多目标统一配置模型。依据宝鸡市水资源供需概况、供水水质和用户需水量及水质要求，以优水优用，低水低用为原则，以区域综合用水效益最大为经济目标，，总缺水量最小为社会目标，区域重要污染物排放量最小为环境目标，不同水质级别水源的可供水量、区域污染物水环境容量为水质约束条件，六个需水用户的（优质生活、一般生活、农业、优质工业、一般工业和生态环境）需水量、不同水源的供水量为水量约束，建立了以分区为单元的宝鸡市多水源、多用户、多目标的水质水量统一配置的数学模型。（3）利用层次分析法确定目标权重系数，采用评价函数法将多目标转化为单目标，利用遗传算法对水质水量统一配置模型进行了求解。对宝鸡市设置了2020年和2030年两个规划年，分别采用上述方法对75%和95%保证率的不同供水水源和用户进行了配置，从缺水率和污染物排放等多角度对配置结果和已有的仅考虑水量的配置结果进行了详细分析，结果表明本模型经济效益提高了6%~12%，但污染物排放量增加了2%~4%，社会效益相同。总的来说，本模型综合效益较大，优于传统方式下的水量分配。（4）综合考虑达标排放、污水回用、节水政策等设计了全市水质水量统一配置的九种方案，建立了社会、经济、资源和环境四个方面的评价指标体系，分别采用模糊优选法和最大熵法对九种方案进行分析评价，结果表明两种方法的结果略有差异，但最优方案相同，均为“农业用水由三类以下地表水和地下水联合调度+污水回用+用户节水”，据此得到了宝鸡市2020年和2030年水质水量统一优化配置下的水资源分配方案。（5）从分质供水角度，分析了宝鸡市市区供水水源、需水对象等，以模型配置结果为基础，建立了市区新建城区和已建城区的分质供水模式和流程。
[Abstract]:Water is the source of life, ecological basis and production. However, due to the irrational exploitation and utilization of water, water shortage, water pollution and the deterioration of the ecological environment, water problems have become increasingly prominent, which affect human normal production and life. The rational allocation of water resources and the protection of water environment to alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources and promote regional society, economy and the economy. The coordinated and sustainable development of the environment is of great significance.
The paper takes Baoji as the research area. On the basis of fully analyzing the city's water resources and the characteristics of the supply and use of water, a joint optimal allocation model of water quality and water quantity is established. The genetic algorithm is used to match the water source and the users in the study area, and the results are compared with the results of water allocation only. It provides a scientific basis for the contradiction between supply and use of water and improving the water environment.
(1) analysis and calculation of water resources, water supply, water supply and structure, water quality and sewage discharge in Baoji. The total amount of water resources in the city is 3 billion 593 million m3, the surface water accounts for 68.2% of the total water consumption of 52.03%., the industrial water consumption is 14.7%, the water resource utilization efficiency is low, and the contradiction between supply and demand is outstanding. The water quality in the plain area is poor. The water quality in the plain area is poor. Industrial and domestic waste water has a great influence. The main pollutants are COD and NH3-N..
(2) establish the principle of joint allocation of water quality and water, establish a unified multi target allocation model of regional water quality and water quantity, according to the general situation of supply and demand of water resources in Baoji, water quality and user demand for water and water quality, with the principle of best use of water and low water, low water and low use as the economic target, and the minimum amount of water shortage is the society. The minimum emission of regional important pollutants is the environmental goal, the water supply of different water quality levels, the water environment capacity of the regional pollutants as the water quality constraints, six water demand users (high quality life, general life, agriculture, high quality industry, general industrial and ecological environment), the water supply of different water sources is the restriction of water quantity. A mathematical model of multi-source, multi-user and multi-objective unified allocation of water quality and quantity in Baoji is established.
(3) using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to determine the weight coefficient of the target, use the evaluation function method to transform the multi target into a single target, and use the genetic algorithm to solve the unified allocation model of water quality and water. In Baoji, the two planning years in 2020 and 2030 are set up, and the different water supply sources and users of the 75% and 95% guarantee rates are adopted respectively. The allocation results were analyzed in detail from the multiple angles of water shortage and pollutant discharge. The results showed that the economic benefits of the model increased by 6%~12%, but the emission of pollutants increased by 2%~4%, and the social benefits were the same. Generally speaking, the model was more efficient and better than the traditional one. The distribution of water under the formula.
(4) comprehensive consideration is made on nine schemes of unified allocation of water quality and water quality in the city, including the discharge of standard discharge, sewage reuse and water saving policy, and the evaluation index system of four aspects of social, economic, resource and environment is established. The results show that the result of the two methods is slight by using the fuzzy optimization method and the maximum entropy method. The optimal scheme is the same, all of which are "agricultural water use under three types of surface water and groundwater combined with wastewater reuse + user water saving". According to this, water resources allocation scheme under the unified optimal allocation of water quality and water in Baoji in 2020 and 2030 is obtained.
(5) from the point of view of the water supply, the water supply source and the water requirement of Baoji city are analyzed. Based on the model configuration results, the water supply mode and process of the new urban area and the built urban area are established.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV213.4

【参考文献】