黄河临河辫状河段心滩变化及其影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-07-10 09:30

本文选题：黄河 + 辫状河段　；参考：《水土保持研究》2017年03期

【摘要】：心滩作为辫状河道最主要的微地貌特征,其变化特征的研究对于理解辫状河道的演变具有重要意义。以黄河临河段213km长的辫状河道为研究对象,基于1988—2013年的遥感图像绘制了相应日期的河道平面形态图,分析了该河段心滩数量和心滩面积变化;利用2013年内6幅河道平面图建立了心滩面积与巴彦高勒站水位之间的线性关系式,利用该关系式求取了其他年份1 050m参考水位下的心滩面积并进行心滩冲淤变化对比。结果表明:黄河临河段心滩总个数、心滩总面积、心滩平均面积、中位数心滩面积和最大心滩面积总体上都具有减小的趋势。在1 050m参考水位下,黄河临河段心滩面积在1988—2013年具有不同的冲淤变化特征,其中在2000年以前的变化幅度大,趋势不明显,2000年以后则分布较为集中,且有减小的趋势,并在1990—2000年大幅减小。在龙羊峡、刘家峡等水库运行影响下汛期黄河临河段水量和输沙量占全年的比例在减小,年内分配趋于均衡化,并且输沙量的减幅要大于水量的减幅,这对于研究区心滩的冲淤有重要影响。同时,上游流域来沙系数的变化也在一定程度上影响着该河段心滩的冲淤变化。
[Abstract]:As the main microgeomorphological feature of braided channel, the study of its variation is of great significance in understanding the evolution of braided channel. Taking the long braided channel of 213km in the Linhe section of the Yellow River as the research object, based on the remote sensing image from 1988 to 2013, the plane shape map of the corresponding date was drawn, and the quantity of the central beach and the area of the bank were analyzed. The linear relationship between Xintan area and Bayangol station water level was established by using six river channel plans in 2013, and the core beach area at 1050m reference water level in other years was calculated and compared. The results show that the total number, total area, average area, median area and maximum area of the heart beach in the Yellow River reach have a decreasing trend. Under the reference water level of 1 050m, the area of the core beach in the Linhe reach of the Yellow River has different characteristics of erosion and siltation from 1988 to 2013, in which the range of change is large before 2000, the trend is not obvious, and after 2000, the distribution is more concentrated and has the tendency of decreasing. And in 1990-2000 a sharp decrease. In Longyangxia, Liujiaxia and other reservoirs, the proportion of water and sediment discharge in the Linhe section of the Yellow River in flood season is decreasing, and the distribution of sediment in the whole year tends to be equalized, and the decrease of sediment discharge is larger than that of water quantity. This has an important effect on the erosion and siltation of the core beach in the study area. At the same time, the change of sediment coefficient in the upper reaches also affects the erosion and deposition of the core beach in the reach to some extent.
【作者单位】：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(41271027,41571005) 国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2011CB403305)
【分类号】：TV882.1

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