河流型湿地景观环境用水闸坝联合调度研究
发布时间：2018-07-14 15:38
【摘要】：河流型湿地景观环境功能日益受到人们的重视,但水资源短缺和水质污染问题严重影响其景观环境功能的发挥。本文以北方地区的蒲河为例,结合河流型湿地的特点,对景观环境用水闸坝联合调度进行了研究,通过对水利工程科学统一的调度,在满足河道防洪安全下最大程度地满足社会经济和景观环境的水量需求,同时使水质也能够得到有效的改善。论文主要研究内容及成果如下：1.对河流型湿地系统的组成进行了界定,并对北方地区河流型湿地在水资源、河道形态、水源构成、水文、水质污染和生态方面的特点进行了系统地分析,结果表明北方地区河流型湿地不同时期特点差异较大,人为控制特点显著。2.对北方地区河流型湿地景观环境需水量的内涵及组成进行了分析,并根据不同时期的河流功能、水文特征和水源构成,提出适宜北方地区河流型湿地的景观环境需水量分期计算方法。以蒲河为例,采用分期景观环境需水量计算方法分区、逐月对其景观环境需水量进行计算。结果表明蒲河景观环境需水季节性特征明显,非消耗性环境需水量大于景观需水量,环境需水量满足则景观需水量自动满足,说明蒲河生态建设并未过度开发使用景观用水。3.利用蒲河上的控制性闸坝及各调水工程,考虑了再生水、地表水、外调水等各种水源之间在水量、水价、工程配套等方面的差异,建立了基于景观环境用水的闸坝联合调度模型。通过现状年优化调度结果分析调度模型的应用效果,并通过模型求解分别得到50%、75%频率年来水条件下规划年的调度方案集,考虑源头水库棋盘山水库对景观水位的需求,从中筛选出3个方案作为推荐调度方案。4.利用SWAT模型分别对蒲河现状年及50%、75%频率年来水条件下规划年的各推荐调度方案进行径流模拟,分析各控制断面流量对景观环境需求的满足情况。选取总氮、总磷、氨氮与COD四个水质指标,分别对蒲河现状年及规划年各推荐方案进行水质模拟,分析各调度方案对各区段水质的影响及原因,并为调度方案的优选提供依据。结果表明：50%频率年来水条件下调度方案实施后,各控制断面的景观环境需水都能得到满足；75%频率年来水条件下调度方案实施后,在保证农业用水破坏深度不大于25%的情况下,各控制断面的景观环境需水也能得到满足。同时调度方案实施后,各控制断面的水质也能得到一定程度的改善。5.综合考虑蒲河的景观环境和农业灌溉供水功能,充分考虑不同区段、不同时段的景观环境功能目标以及不同生育期缺水对作物产量的影响,建立了调度方案辨识指标体系,采用AHP-Fuzzy方法分别对50%、75%频率年来水条件下规划年各推荐调度方案进行优度辨识,确定最佳调度方案,并根据最佳方案制定各闸坝的调度规则及各调水工程的最优调水量和调水时程。
[Abstract]:People pay more and more attention to the environmental function of river wetland landscape, but the shortage of water resources and water pollution seriously affect the function of landscape environment. Taking Puhe River in the north area as an example and combining the characteristics of river type wetland, this paper studies the joint dispatch of water gate and dam for landscape environment, and through the scientific and unified regulation of water conservancy project, In order to meet the water demand of social economy and landscape environment, the water quality can be improved effectively. The main research contents and results are as follows: 1. The composition of fluvial wetland system is defined, and the characteristics of river wetland in North China in the aspects of water resources, river channel form, water source composition, hydrology, water pollution and ecology are analyzed systematically. The results show that the characteristics of fluvial wetland in northern China are quite different in different periods, and the characteristics of artificial control are significant. This paper analyzes the connotation and composition of environmental water requirement of river wetland landscape in northern China, and according to the river function, hydrological characteristics and water source composition of different periods, This paper presents a method for calculating the water demand of landscape environment by stages for river wetland in northern China. Taking Puhe River as an example, the landscape environmental water demand is calculated month by using the method of stage landscape environmental water demand calculation. The results showed that the seasonal characteristics of water demand in Puhe landscape were obvious, and the nonexpendable environmental water requirement was larger than the landscape water requirement, and the landscape water requirement was automatically satisfied if the environmental water requirement was satisfied, which indicated that the ecological construction of Puhe River had not overdeveloped and used landscape water. 3. By using the controlling sluice dams and water transfer projects on the Puhe River, the differences in water quantity, water price, project matching and so on between various sources of water, such as reclaimed water, surface water, external diversion water, etc., are considered. Based on landscape environmental water, a model of gate and dam joint operation is established. The application effect of the model is analyzed by analyzing the result of optimal dispatching in current year, and by solving the model, the dispatching scheme set of planning year under the condition of 50% frequency and 75% frequency is obtained respectively, considering the demand of Qipanshan reservoir for landscape water level of source reservoir. Three schemes were selected as recommended scheduling schemes. 4. 4. The SWAT model was used to simulate the runoff of the recommended scheduling schemes in the planning year under the condition of the present situation of Puhe River and the 75% frequency year of Puhe River, respectively, and the satisfaction of the flow of each control section to the landscape environment requirement was analyzed. Four water quality indexes, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen and COD, were selected to simulate the water quality of each recommended scheme in the current year and the planning year of Puhe River, respectively. The influence of each scheduling scheme on the water quality of each section and the reasons were analyzed, and the basis for the optimal selection of the dispatching scheme was provided. The results show that the water requirement of landscape environment of each control section can be satisfied under the condition of 75% frequency per year after the implementation of the dispatching scheme under the condition of 50% annual water coming from the frequency of 50% per year. Under the condition that the damage depth of agricultural water is not more than 25%, the landscape environment water requirement of each control section can be satisfied. At the same time, the water quality of each control section can be improved to a certain extent after the implementation of the dispatching scheme. Considering the landscape environment of Puhe River and the function of irrigation and water supply of agriculture, considering the target of landscape environment function of different sections and different periods of time and the effect of water shortage in different growing periods on crop yield, the identification index system of dispatching scheme is established. AHP-Fuzzy method is used to identify the optimal degree of each recommended scheduling scheme in the planning year under the condition of 75% frequency per year, and the optimal scheduling scheme is determined. According to the optimal scheme, the regulation of each sluice dam and the optimal water transfer quantity and water transfer time history of each water transfer project are worked out.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TV213.4
本文编号：2122118
[Abstract]:People pay more and more attention to the environmental function of river wetland landscape, but the shortage of water resources and water pollution seriously affect the function of landscape environment. Taking Puhe River in the north area as an example and combining the characteristics of river type wetland, this paper studies the joint dispatch of water gate and dam for landscape environment, and through the scientific and unified regulation of water conservancy project, In order to meet the water demand of social economy and landscape environment, the water quality can be improved effectively. The main research contents and results are as follows: 1. The composition of fluvial wetland system is defined, and the characteristics of river wetland in North China in the aspects of water resources, river channel form, water source composition, hydrology, water pollution and ecology are analyzed systematically. The results show that the characteristics of fluvial wetland in northern China are quite different in different periods, and the characteristics of artificial control are significant. This paper analyzes the connotation and composition of environmental water requirement of river wetland landscape in northern China, and according to the river function, hydrological characteristics and water source composition of different periods, This paper presents a method for calculating the water demand of landscape environment by stages for river wetland in northern China. Taking Puhe River as an example, the landscape environmental water demand is calculated month by using the method of stage landscape environmental water demand calculation. The results showed that the seasonal characteristics of water demand in Puhe landscape were obvious, and the nonexpendable environmental water requirement was larger than the landscape water requirement, and the landscape water requirement was automatically satisfied if the environmental water requirement was satisfied, which indicated that the ecological construction of Puhe River had not overdeveloped and used landscape water. 3. By using the controlling sluice dams and water transfer projects on the Puhe River, the differences in water quantity, water price, project matching and so on between various sources of water, such as reclaimed water, surface water, external diversion water, etc., are considered. Based on landscape environmental water, a model of gate and dam joint operation is established. The application effect of the model is analyzed by analyzing the result of optimal dispatching in current year, and by solving the model, the dispatching scheme set of planning year under the condition of 50% frequency and 75% frequency is obtained respectively, considering the demand of Qipanshan reservoir for landscape water level of source reservoir. Three schemes were selected as recommended scheduling schemes. 4. 4. The SWAT model was used to simulate the runoff of the recommended scheduling schemes in the planning year under the condition of the present situation of Puhe River and the 75% frequency year of Puhe River, respectively, and the satisfaction of the flow of each control section to the landscape environment requirement was analyzed. Four water quality indexes, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen and COD, were selected to simulate the water quality of each recommended scheme in the current year and the planning year of Puhe River, respectively. The influence of each scheduling scheme on the water quality of each section and the reasons were analyzed, and the basis for the optimal selection of the dispatching scheme was provided. The results show that the water requirement of landscape environment of each control section can be satisfied under the condition of 75% frequency per year after the implementation of the dispatching scheme under the condition of 50% annual water coming from the frequency of 50% per year. Under the condition that the damage depth of agricultural water is not more than 25%, the landscape environment water requirement of each control section can be satisfied. At the same time, the water quality of each control section can be improved to a certain extent after the implementation of the dispatching scheme. Considering the landscape environment of Puhe River and the function of irrigation and water supply of agriculture, considering the target of landscape environment function of different sections and different periods of time and the effect of water shortage in different growing periods on crop yield, the identification index system of dispatching scheme is established. AHP-Fuzzy method is used to identify the optimal degree of each recommended scheduling scheme in the planning year under the condition of 75% frequency per year, and the optimal scheduling scheme is determined. According to the optimal scheme, the regulation of each sluice dam and the optimal water transfer quantity and water transfer time history of each water transfer project are worked out.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TV213.4
【相似文献】
相关期刊论文 前7条
1 余忠亚;李丹丹;;“链接城市”:城市河流型绿道的功能解析——呼和浩特河流规划设计的启示[J];园林;2011年07期
2 杜大仲;孟宪林;马放;张建琪;;基于层次分析法的河流型饮用水水源地选址评价[J];哈尔滨工业大学学报;2011年06期
3 王社宁;;河流型饮用水水源生态修复技术[J];甘肃科技;2009年23期
4 师红霞;王姝;黄川友;殷彤;;西藏自治区河流型饮用水水源地安全评价指标体系研究[J];水利科技与经济;2014年03期
5 杜大仲;孟宪林;马放;;北方某城市河流型饮用水水源地选址方案评价研究[J];中国环境科学;2012年02期
6 李宗原;;长白山开展河流型集中式饮用水水源地专项执法检查[J];吉林环境;2013年05期
7 ;[J];;年期
相关会议论文 前1条
1 章纯熙;李大林;苗永旺;屈在久;;中国发掘首例河流型槟榔江水牛新类群[A];中国牛业健康发展与科技创新——中国畜牧兽医学会第七届养牛学分会2009年学术研讨会论文集[C];2009年
相关重要报纸文章 前2条
1 通讯员 杨亮源邋记者 陈云芬;腾冲发现河流型水牛种群[N];云南日报;2008年
2 云南省腾冲县畜牧局 供稿;河流型水牛——槟榔江水牛通过国家鉴定[N];农民日报;2008年
相关博士学位论文 前2条
1 董克宝;河流型湿地景观环境用水闸坝联合调度研究[D];沈阳农业大学;2016年
2 杜大仲;河流型饮用水水源地安全保障体系构建及实证研究[D];哈尔滨工业大学;2011年
相关硕士学位论文 前5条
1 邢超;某市河流型饮用水水源地评价[D];华中科技大学;2014年
2 李萌;河流型饮用水水源地安全评价方法研究[D];湖北大学;2015年
3 常德政;河流型饮用水水源保护研究[D];兰州大学;2008年
4 王少逸;河流型饮用水源地应急处置技术筛选与评估体系研究[D];哈尔滨工业大学;2012年
5 黄倩竹;城市河流型绿道规划与设计研究[D];福建农林大学;2013年
，本文编号：2122118
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/shuiwenshuili/2122118.html
