水下爆炸冲击下混凝土重力拱坝动态响应及抗爆措施研究

发布时间：2018-07-26 08:13

【摘要】：国际恐怖主义时刻威胁着国家的安全，具有显著经济意义的大坝已经成为恐怖主义重点打击的目标，大坝一旦出事，后果不堪设想，故对大坝在遭受爆炸荷载冲击后的动态响应及抗爆防护措施的研究就十分必要。重力拱坝兼具重力坝和拱坝的结构特性，水下爆炸冲击荷载下其破坏模式值得关注，本文主要分析重力拱坝在水下爆炸冲击荷载作用下的动态响应并对抗爆防护措施进行研究。水下爆炸冲击下重力拱坝动态响应分析。考虑混凝土的应变率效应，建立混凝土重力拱坝水下爆炸全耦合模型，对水下爆炸冲击下重力拱坝动态破坏过程进行了全性能数值仿真，针对重力拱坝的结构特性及受力特点，探讨大坝在水下爆炸冲击荷载作用下的可能破坏模式及破坏机理。研究表明，重力拱坝兼有重力坝和拱坝的抗爆特性，大坝抗爆薄弱部位主要位于坝体中上部，重力拱坝坝身下部抗爆性能较强；当炸药在拱冠梁处起爆时，表孔中墩及边墩发生冲切和震塌滑移破坏；当炸药在距右岸1/4拱圈处爆炸时，坝肩发生震塌破坏，影响坝肩抗滑稳定及坝体整体安全性。抗爆防护措施研究。将泡沫铝应用于重力拱坝上，数值模拟大坝的破坏模式，分析泡沫铝的抗爆防护效应，并分析泡沫铝厚度及防护范围对大坝破坏模式的影响。研究表明，，随着泡沫铝的厚度增大，大坝同时刻的破坏程度是降低的；防护范围对大坝的破坏模式影响不大。
[Abstract]:International terrorism is always threatening the security of the country. Dams with significant economic significance have become the target of terrorism's priority attack. Once the dam is in trouble, the consequences will be unthinkable. Therefore, it is necessary to study the dynamic response and anti-explosion protection measures of the dam. Gravity arch dam has the structural characteristics of gravity dam and arch dam. The failure mode of gravity arch dam under underwater explosion impact load is worthy of attention. This paper mainly analyzes the dynamic response of gravity arch dam under underwater explosion impact load and studies the anti-explosion protection measures. Dynamic response Analysis of Gravity Arch Dam under underwater explosion. Considering the strain rate effect of concrete, a fully coupled model for underwater explosion of gravity arch dam is established. The dynamic failure process of gravity arch dam under underwater explosion is simulated numerically, and the structural characteristics and stress characteristics of gravity arch dam are analyzed. The possible failure mode and failure mechanism of dams under underwater blast impact load are discussed. The results show that gravity arch dam has the anti-explosion characteristics of gravity dam and arch dam, the weak part of the dam is mainly located in the middle and upper part of the dam body, and the anti-explosion performance of gravity arch dam is stronger than that of the gravity arch dam, and when the explosive is detonated at the arch crown beam, When the explosive explodes at a quarter of an arch circle from the right bank, the dam abutment collapses, which affects the stability of the abutment and the overall safety of the dam. Study on anti-explosion protection measures. This paper applies aluminum foam to gravity arch dam, numerically simulates the failure mode of dam, analyzes the anti-explosion protection effect of aluminum foam, and analyzes the influence of thickness and protection range of aluminum foam on the failure mode of dam. The results show that the damage degree of the dam decreases at the same time with the increase of the thickness of aluminum foam, and the protection range has little effect on the failure mode of the dam.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV642.3;TV312

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