水库渗漏并行电法测试模拟试验研究

发布时间：2018-07-31 18:50

【摘要】：目前在水库大坝物探勘查方法中电法勘探主要采用的是高密度电法,但其施工效率和探测分辨率仍可以提高。本次研究采用并行电法技术对水库大坝渗漏病害进行模拟测试,在正演模拟实验及室内物理模型实验中分别设置了6种不同类型的渗漏形式,采用AM和ABM两种方法采集和处理从而获得坝体在不同含水率的条件下并行电法对渗漏的探测敏感性及分辨率,实验结果表明： (1)土体电阻率与其含水率有很大关系。土体较干燥时,其电阻率较大,随着土体含水率的增大,其电阻率随之逐渐减小；当含水率减小到一定值时,其电阻率值下降速率突然增大；当电阻率降低到一定值后,电阻率值减小速率变小,最终达到一较小的稳定值。 (2)土坝坝体中不同异常体的电性特征表现各异,受异常体空间范围的影响,其分辨程度也有所不同。模型中对于大尺寸异常体的电性反应效果明显,其分辨能力强,而对于小尺寸异常体的分辨效果相对较差。 (3)从室内数值模拟结果和物理模拟结果均表明,AM法在数据反演后得到的图像能较好的反映出模型设置的渗漏通道的位置,以实验结果作为依据将并行电法用于实际水库探测中,取得了良好的探测效果。 (4)本次研究认为相对于背景电阻率,局部的低于背景值一倍以上的低阻区(50～100Ω·m或更小)可能与填筑料质量差、坝体裂缝等因素引起的渗漏相关。通过数值仿真、室内模型及现场测试的综合研究,获得了一些背景电阻率与异常区电阻率的特征,初步确定了水库坝体渗漏电性参数判定标准,为目标异常定量解释提供相对可靠的依据。为现场探测和结果解释提供了一个参照。
[Abstract]:At present, the high density electric method is mainly used in the exploration method of reservoir dam geophysical exploration, but its construction efficiency and detection resolution can still be improved. In this study, parallel electric method was used to simulate and test dam leakage disease. Six different types of seepage were set up in forward simulation experiment and indoor physical model experiment. The sensitivity and resolution of the parallel electrical method for detecting leakage under different water content are obtained by means of AM and ABM. The experimental results show that: (1) the resistivity of soil is closely related to the water content of the dam. When the soil is dry, the resistivity of the soil is larger, with the increase of the water content of the soil, the resistivity decreases gradually; when the water content decreases to a certain value, the decrease rate of the resistivity value increases suddenly; when the resistivity decreases to a certain value, the resistivity decreases to a certain value. The resistivity value decreases and finally reaches a small stable value. (2) the electrical characteristics of different abnormal bodies in the earth dam body are different and the resolution degree is different due to the influence of the space range of the abnormal body. In the model, the effect of electrical reaction on large size abnormal body is obvious, and its resolution ability is strong. But the resolution effect of the small abnormal body is relatively poor. (3) from the indoor numerical simulation results and the physical simulation results, it is shown that the image obtained from the inversion of the data can reflect the location of the leakage channel set up by the model. Based on the experimental results, the parallel electrical method is applied to the actual reservoir detection, and good detection results are obtained. (4) in this study, relative to the background resistivity, The local low resistance area (50 ~ 100 惟 m or less), which is more than one time below the background value, may be related to the leakage caused by the poor quality of the filling material and the cracks in the dam body. Through numerical simulation, laboratory model and field test, some characteristics of background resistivity and abnormal area resistivity are obtained, and the criteria for determining leakage electrical parameters of reservoir dam body are preliminarily determined. It provides a relatively reliable basis for quantitative interpretation of target anomalies. It provides a reference for field detection and interpretation of results.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV697.2;P631.3

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