台阶式溢洪道滑行水流的相对水头

发布时间：2018-07-31 19:16

【摘要】：为了研究台阶式溢洪道的消能特性,将台阶溢洪道与光滑溢洪道沿程的总水头进行对比,引入台阶式溢洪道相对水头的概念.通过3个工程的台阶式溢洪道模型试验,坡度为1∶2.0~1∶0.9,台阶高度为0.5~2.0 m,对影响相对水头的主要因素:流程长度、单宽流量、台阶高度、坡度等进行了研究.结果表明,在滑行水流条件下,台阶式溢洪道沿程相对水头小于0;相对水头与流程长度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.998 3~0.999 8;相对水头与单宽流量无关,不同流量条件同一断面的相对水头基本相等,相对误差不超过4.5%,而台阶高度、溢洪道坡度对相对水头影响较大,台阶高度越高、坡度越大,相对水头绝对值越大.试验结果证实了相对水头具有良好的水力规律,便于应用分析,可为台阶溢洪道设计提供参考.
[Abstract]:In order to study the energy dissipation characteristics of stepped spillway, the concept of relative head of stepped spillway is introduced by comparing the total head of step spillway with that of smooth spillway. Through the model tests of the stepped spillway in three projects, the slope is 1: 2.0 / 1: 0.9 and the step height is 0.5 ~ 2.0 m. The main factors affecting the relative head are studied: flow length, single wide flow rate, step height, slope, etc. The results show that the relative head of step spillway is less than 0 under the condition of sliding flow, and the relative head has a good linear relationship with the flow length, the correlation coefficient is 0.998 ~ 0.999 8, and the relative head has nothing to do with the single wide flow rate. The relative head of the same section under different discharge conditions is basically equal, and the relative error is not more than 4.5. However, the height of the step and the slope of the spillway have a greater influence on the relative head. The higher the step height, the greater the slope and the greater the absolute value of the relative head. The experimental results show that the relative head has a good hydraulic law, which is convenient for application and analysis, and can be used as a reference for the design of step spillway.
【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院;
【分类号】：TV135.2

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