沣西新城结合LID理念的白马河公园景观设计研究

发布时间：2018-08-06 19:46

【摘要】：我国城市化建设的问题日益突出,2014年国家提出“海绵城市”建设方针来解决城市内涝、城市地下水资源短缺、城市水体污染等问题。陕西西咸新区入选国家第一批海绵城市建设示范城市,具有区域性代表和示范意义。公园绿地承载着为城市居民休闲健康活动和优美环境营造的重要功能,海绵城市建设的低影响开发(Low Impact Development,LID)理念和技术设施,对公园绿地带来各种影响,甚至是矛盾,如何将其合理介入到公园绿地,需要从设计方法加以梳理,并展开科学的实践实验应用探索。白马河公园作为城市公园绿地类型成为沣西新城海面城市建设示范项目。通过沣西新城自然环境特点及海绵城市建设的背景和条件分析,通过对白马河公园设计方案中LID理念及景观设计要素关系的布局和设计手法的比较和分析,开展设计理论与实践研究:第一,LID理念与国内外相关雨洪管理理念措施进行比较研究,梳理其在雨洪管理的尺度与范围,工程技术与非工程技术结合、雨水径流过程对不同阶段控制等方面的方法和技术侧重点,关注LID理念在面源污染控制的优势。第二,针对研究的科学问题,选取了台中秋红谷公园、多伦多Corktown公园、哈尔滨群力雨洪公园等案例进行研究,分析了在地形设计、场地与交通布局、植物配置、材料选取等方面的成功的设计方法,同时在公园的水文控制过程、景观效果、生态效果、与人和景观的关系上进行了比较和总结。第三,结合理论及案例研究,提出了结合LID理念的公园景观设计的原则与方法,景观设计应分别在地形及排水设计、种植设计、土壤设计、道路与交通布局设计中介入LID策略,以及以上要素的设计手法,总结本地LID设施的适宜性植物种类;梳理了结合LID理念的公园景观设计的程序。第四,对白马河公园在水文过程、雨水设施位置及构造设计、LID计算方法与结果、种植设计等方面进行了案例分析研究,提出了白马河公园不同的景观方案,并对这些方案在水文过程、场地使用率、生态性、经济性进行了比较分析。结合LID理念的公园景观设计,首先应因地制宜,根据场地条件和雨洪调蓄功能定位,确定公园设计目标。注重设计程序,从现场调查开始,总体空间布局主要将地形、水体景观、铺地道路、建筑构筑物的类型规模与LID设施类型分布统一协调,形成有利于人们活动、视觉景观和LID设施分布相结合的汇水分区,进而开展土壤改良、植物种植的可行性和设计实施。
[Abstract]:In 2014, the government put forward the construction policy of "sponge city" to solve the problems of urban waterlogging, urban groundwater shortage, urban water pollution and so on. Xixian New District of Shaanxi Province was selected as the first spongy city in China to build a demonstration city, which has regional representative and demonstration significance. The park green space is carrying the important function for the city resident leisure health activity and the beautiful environment construction, the sponge city construction low influence development (Low Impact development lid) the idea and the technical facility, to the park green space each kind of influence, even is contradictory, How to get involved in the park green space reasonably needs to be combed from the design method and the scientific practical experiment and application exploration should be carried out. As a green space type of urban park, Baimahe Park has become a demonstration project of urban construction in Fengxi New City. Based on the analysis of the natural environment characteristics of Fengxi New Town and the background and conditions of sponge city construction, the comparison and analysis of the layout and design techniques of the relationship between LID concept and landscape design elements in the design scheme of Baimahe Park are made. Carry out design theory and practice research: first, the concept of lid and related rain flood management at home and abroad are compared and studied, combing the scale and scope of rain flood management, the combination of engineering technology and non-engineering technology, The methods and techniques of Rain Water runoff process in different stages are emphasized, and the advantages of LID in non-point source pollution control are paid more attention to. Secondly, aiming at the scientific problems of the research, this paper selects Taizhong Qiuhong Valley Park, Toronto Corktown Park, Harbin Qunli Rain Flood Park and so on to carry on the research, analyzes the terrain design, the site and the traffic layout, the plant disposition, etc. At the same time, the paper compares and summarizes the hydrological control process, landscape effect, ecological effect, relationship with people and landscape of the park. Thirdly, combined with the theory and case study, this paper puts forward the principles and methods of park landscape design based on LID concept. Landscape design should be involved in the design of topography and drainage, planting design, soil design, road and traffic layout design, respectively. And the design methods of the above elements, summed up the local LID facilities suitable plant species, combing the LID concept of the park landscape design program. Fourthly, the case study on the hydrological process, the location and structure design of Rain Water facilities, the planting design and so on is carried out, and the different landscape schemes of Baimahe Park are put forward. The hydrological process, site utilization rate, ecology and economy of these schemes are compared and analyzed. According to the concept of LID, the park design objectives should be determined according to the local conditions and the location of rain flood regulation and storage function. Pay attention to the design procedure, from the spot investigation, the overall space layout mainly coordinates the type scale of terrain, water landscape, paved road, building structure and LID facility type distribution, forming is advantageous to people's activity. Visual landscape and LID facilities distribution combined with catchment zoning, and then carried out soil improvement, plant planting feasibility and design implementation.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU986.5;TV213.9

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