苏州市古城区活水方案优化研究

发布时间：2018-08-09 09:17

【摘要】：城市河网的基本任务是防洪和排涝,而随着经济的快速发展,人们逐渐关注水体是否健康,希望采用相应措施,使水体流动起来,提高河流水体自净能力,达到改善水环境的目的。本文研究区域苏州古城区位于平原河网地区,由于河流比降小、流速缓慢、水动力条件差、流动无序,导致日常运行管理中存在着调控难度大、效果不佳的问题。所以,如何充分利用现有工程设施,提高泵站引排活水的效率,优化自流活水方案,具有十分重要的意义。本文首先对古城区的河网水流进行了原型观测。在多种泵站抽排工况下,观测了古城区内部河道及环城河71个断面的水位、流量值,对河网主要河道进行了糙率率定。率定的糙率基本符合各河道形态、驳岸材料、粗糙程度。在此基础上,采用Saint-Venant方程组,建立了苏州古城区河网非恒定流数学模型,运用Preissmann四点加权隐格式,对方程组进行时间和空间离散,采用双松弛迭代法求解河网非恒定流。利用原型观测资料,对数学模型进行率定和验证。经过9种泵闸运行工况的河网非恒定流模拟验证,选取的51个典型观测点的水位相对误差大小平均值基本在2%以内,表明该模型具有较高的精度。利用上述建立的数学模型,对16种泵站引排活水方案和3种自流活水方案的河网水流进行了数值模拟。以河网平均流速、死水河段总长度、水泵开机总功率等作为优化指标,对各种活水方案进行比选,分别获得了泵站引排活水和自流活水的优化方案。本文的研究成果,已应用于苏州古城区活水调度管理,改变了以往凭经验选定调度方案的运行方式,提升了河道管理技术水平。
[Abstract]:The basic task of urban river network is flood control and drainage. With the rapid development of economy, people pay more and more attention to whether the water body is healthy or not, and hope to adopt corresponding measures to make the water body flow and improve the self-purification ability of the river water body. To improve the water environment. In this paper, the ancient urban area of Suzhou is located in the plain river network area. Due to the low river ratio, slow flow velocity, poor hydrodynamic condition and disordered flow, there are many problems in daily operation management, such as difficulty of regulation and poor effect. Therefore, it is of great significance to make full use of existing engineering facilities, improve the efficiency of pumping station diversion and discharge, and optimize the scheme of self-flowing active water. In this paper, the prototype observation of the river network flow in the ancient urban area is carried out. Under the pumping and drainage conditions of various pumping stations, the water level and discharge value of 71 sections of the inner channel and the Huancheng River are observed, and the roughness of the main river channels in the river network is determined. The roughness of the rate is basically in accordance with the shape of each channel, the barge material, and the degree of roughness. On this basis, using Saint-Venant equations, the mathematical model of unsteady flow in Suzhou ancient urban area is established. By using Preissmann four-point weighted implicit scheme, the equations are discretized in time and space, and the double-relaxation iterative method is used to solve the unsteady flow of river network. Based on the prototype observation data, the mathematical model is verified by rate determination and verification. Through the simulation of unsteady flow in river network of 9 pump sluice operation conditions, the average relative error of the selected 51 typical observation points is within 2%, which indicates that the model has high accuracy. Based on the above established mathematical model, the flow in river network of 16 pumping station diversion and drainage schemes and 3 self-flowing active water schemes are numerically simulated. Taking the average flow velocity of the river network, the total length of the dead water reach and the total power of the pump start-up as the optimization indexes, the optimum schemes of the pumping station to draw and drain the active water and the self-flowing active water are obtained respectively by comparing and selecting the various active water schemes. The research results of this paper have been applied to the operation and management of active water in Suzhou ancient urban area, which has changed the operation mode of the previous operation scheme selected by experience, and improved the technical level of river course management.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV85;TU99

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