鱼道内过饱和总溶解气体释放规律的试验研究
发布时间：2018-08-25 11:47
【摘要】：随着梯级电站的建成运行,总溶解气体(total dissolved gas,TDG)过饱和对鱼类的不利影响受到广泛关注。TDG过饱和水流在库区内的释放速度十分缓慢,上游梯级泄水的不利影响通常会持续到下一梯级坝前。鱼道是恢复河流连通性的重要手段,也是鱼类可能集中分布的区域,TDG过饱和的库区水体作为补给来源可能对通过鱼道的鱼类造成不利影响。本文以自主设计的鱼道型式作为试验水槽,设计开展了不同流量条件下的过饱和TDG输移释放过程试验研究,并根据试验条件开展数值模拟计算,反算得到各条件下的释放系数。结果表明水深是影响过饱和TDG释放的重要因素,过饱和TDG的释放系数随着水深的增大而减小,释放系数与流速、紊动动能、紊动动能耗散率间单因子关系不显著。另外,鱼道复杂的挡板结构使水流流程增长,增加了过饱和TDG释放时间,与无挡板的顺直水槽相比,鱼道内过饱和TDG的释放速度显著提高。该研究为探讨过饱和TDG对过鱼通道内鱼类的不利影响的预测提供参考,同时复杂结构促进过饱和TDG释放的成果也为减缓TDG过饱和不利影响的措施研究提供新思路和参考。
[Abstract]:With the construction and operation of cascade power stations, the adverse effects of total dissolved gas (total dissolved gas,TDG) supersaturation on fish have attracted widespread attention. The release rate of the supersaturated flow in the reservoir area is very slow. The adverse effects of upstream cascade discharge usually last until the next cascade dam. Fish channel is an important means to restore river connectivity, and TDG supersaturated reservoir water as a source of recharge may have adverse effects on fish passing through the channel. In this paper, the self-designed fish channel type is used as the experimental flume, and the experimental study on the transport and release process of supersaturated TDG under different flow conditions is carried out, and the numerical simulation calculation is carried out according to the experimental conditions, and the release coefficients under each condition are calculated back. The results show that water depth is an important factor affecting the release of supersaturated TDG, and the release coefficient of supersaturated TDG decreases with the increase of water depth, but there is no significant single factor relationship between the release coefficient and the velocity of flow and the dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy. In addition, the complicated baffle structure increases the flow process and increases the release time of supersaturated TDG. Compared with the straight flume without baffle, the release speed of supersaturated TDG in the fish channel is increased significantly. This study provides a reference for the prediction of the adverse effects of supersaturated TDG on the oversaturated fish, and the results of complex structures promoting the release of supersaturated TDG also provide new ideas and references for the study of measures to mitigate the adverse effects of TDG supersaturation.
【作者单位】： 四川大学水力学与山区开发保护国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFC0401700) 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目(51409182)
【分类号】：S959;TV131.34
本文编号：2202790
[Abstract]:With the construction and operation of cascade power stations, the adverse effects of total dissolved gas (total dissolved gas,TDG) supersaturation on fish have attracted widespread attention. The release rate of the supersaturated flow in the reservoir area is very slow. The adverse effects of upstream cascade discharge usually last until the next cascade dam. Fish channel is an important means to restore river connectivity, and TDG supersaturated reservoir water as a source of recharge may have adverse effects on fish passing through the channel. In this paper, the self-designed fish channel type is used as the experimental flume, and the experimental study on the transport and release process of supersaturated TDG under different flow conditions is carried out, and the numerical simulation calculation is carried out according to the experimental conditions, and the release coefficients under each condition are calculated back. The results show that water depth is an important factor affecting the release of supersaturated TDG, and the release coefficient of supersaturated TDG decreases with the increase of water depth, but there is no significant single factor relationship between the release coefficient and the velocity of flow and the dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy. In addition, the complicated baffle structure increases the flow process and increases the release time of supersaturated TDG. Compared with the straight flume without baffle, the release speed of supersaturated TDG in the fish channel is increased significantly. This study provides a reference for the prediction of the adverse effects of supersaturated TDG on the oversaturated fish, and the results of complex structures promoting the release of supersaturated TDG also provide new ideas and references for the study of measures to mitigate the adverse effects of TDG supersaturation.
【作者单位】： 四川大学水力学与山区开发保护国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFC0401700) 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目(51409182)
【分类号】：S959;TV131.34
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