水电工程调压室阻力系数研究
发布时间：2018-09-18 19:20
【摘要】：随着水电建设的发展，经过水电人长期的研究和实践，已经有较为成熟的手段来解决水电站水力学问题。而作为水电工程引水系统的主要部分，调压室仍然是学者们和设计研究单位关注的焦点。在设计阶段，调压室尺寸和类型的确定必须根据水电工程的具体环境和条件，并通过水力过渡过程的计算来确定和验证，而调压室阻力损失系数的确定准确与否对计算其水力过渡过程有着很大的影响。如果不能正确地判断和选择其水力特性参数，不仅会影响水电站的安全稳定，甚至将直接导致整个工程项目的失败。过去对调压室阻力损失系数的研究主要是通过对水电站调压室相似变换建立物理模型，采用实验手段开展研究。随着计算机硬件和软件技术的提高，越来越多的学者们使用计算流体动力学（Computational Fluid Dynamics，CFD）技术研究调压室内部流场。 影响调压室阻力损失系数的主要因素有：调压室的结构、尺寸及调压室连接方式等。本文以FLUENT流体计算软件为计算平台，对调压室模型进行流场数值模拟，分析连接管长度和阻力损失系数的关系，并对某国外水电站调压室进行数值模拟，将结果应用到该水电站水力过渡过程计算中。 本文主要工作及成果如下： 1.应用FLUENT对两种典型调压室模型进行流场数值模拟，与有关文献提出的试验结果对比分析，两者数值曲线比较吻合，验证了FLUENT数值计算模拟在调压室阻力损失系数研究中的可行性。 2.对阻抗式调压室流场数值模拟中，比较了监测面在距离分岔处3倍管径和5倍管径两个位置对阻力损失系数模拟计算的影响。通过分析，在阻抗式调压室阻力损失系数研究中两者差距很小，监测面一般选取在距离分岔处3倍管径位置处即可。 3.对连接管长度不同的四个阻抗式调压室模型进行了分析研究，研究连接管长度与阻力损失系数的关系。对比模拟数据，结果随着连接管长度的增加，阻抗式调压室阻力损失系数也在增加，相应增加部分可认为是其连接管长度的沿程阻力损失。 4.根据国外某水电站调压室实际尺寸，，对其阻力损失系数进行数值模拟，计算出不同分流比下的调压室阻力损失系数，并应用到水电站水力过渡过程计算中。
[Abstract]:With the development of hydropower construction, through the long-term research and practice of hydropower people, there are more mature means to solve hydraulic problems of hydropower stations. As the main part of water diversion system of hydropower project, surge chamber is still the focus of scholars and design research units. In the design stage, the size and type of the surge chamber must be determined and verified according to the specific environment and conditions of the hydropower project and through the calculation of the hydraulic transition process. The determination of resistance loss coefficient of surge chamber has a great influence on the calculation of hydraulic transition process. If the hydraulic characteristic parameters can not be judged and selected correctly, it will not only affect the safety and stability of the hydropower station, but also lead to the failure of the whole project directly. In the past, the study of resistance loss coefficient of surge chamber was mainly based on the physical model of the similar transformation of surge chamber of hydropower station, and the research was carried out by means of experiment. With the improvement of computer hardware and software technology, more and more scholars use computational fluid dynamics (Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD) technology to study the flow field in the pressure regulating chamber. The main factors affecting the resistance loss coefficient of the surge chamber are the structure, size and connection mode of the surge chamber. In this paper, the flow field of the surge chamber model is simulated on the platform of FLUENT fluid calculation software, the relationship between the length of the connecting pipe and the coefficient of resistance loss is analyzed, and the numerical simulation of the surge chamber of a foreign hydropower station is carried out. The results are applied to the calculation of the hydraulic transition process of the hydropower station. The main work and results are as follows: 1. The flow field of two typical surge chamber models is simulated by FLUENT. The numerical curves of the two models are in good agreement with the experimental results proposed in the relevant literature. The feasibility of FLUENT numerical simulation in the study of resistance loss coefficient of surge chamber is verified. 2. In the numerical simulation of the flow field of the impedance surge chamber, the influence of the three and five times diameter of the monitoring surface on the simulation calculation of the resistance loss coefficient is compared at the distance bifurcation. Through analysis, the difference between the two factors in the study of resistance loss coefficient of impedance surge chamber is very small, and the monitoring surface is usually selected at the position of 3 times tube diameter at the distance bifurcation. In this paper, four impedance surge chamber models with different connection length are analyzed, and the relationship between the connection length and resistance loss coefficient is studied. Compared with the simulation data, the results show that the resistance loss coefficient of the impedance surge chamber increases with the increase of the length of the connecting pipe, and the corresponding increase part can be regarded as the resistance loss along the length of the connecting pipe. According to the actual size of the surge chamber of a hydropower station abroad, the resistance loss coefficient of the surge chamber is numerically simulated, and the resistance loss coefficient of the surge chamber under different diffluence ratios is calculated and applied to the hydraulic transient calculation of the hydropower station.
【学位授予单位】：西华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV732.5
本文编号：2248870
[Abstract]:With the development of hydropower construction, through the long-term research and practice of hydropower people, there are more mature means to solve hydraulic problems of hydropower stations. As the main part of water diversion system of hydropower project, surge chamber is still the focus of scholars and design research units. In the design stage, the size and type of the surge chamber must be determined and verified according to the specific environment and conditions of the hydropower project and through the calculation of the hydraulic transition process. The determination of resistance loss coefficient of surge chamber has a great influence on the calculation of hydraulic transition process. If the hydraulic characteristic parameters can not be judged and selected correctly, it will not only affect the safety and stability of the hydropower station, but also lead to the failure of the whole project directly. In the past, the study of resistance loss coefficient of surge chamber was mainly based on the physical model of the similar transformation of surge chamber of hydropower station, and the research was carried out by means of experiment. With the improvement of computer hardware and software technology, more and more scholars use computational fluid dynamics (Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD) technology to study the flow field in the pressure regulating chamber. The main factors affecting the resistance loss coefficient of the surge chamber are the structure, size and connection mode of the surge chamber. In this paper, the flow field of the surge chamber model is simulated on the platform of FLUENT fluid calculation software, the relationship between the length of the connecting pipe and the coefficient of resistance loss is analyzed, and the numerical simulation of the surge chamber of a foreign hydropower station is carried out. The results are applied to the calculation of the hydraulic transition process of the hydropower station. The main work and results are as follows: 1. The flow field of two typical surge chamber models is simulated by FLUENT. The numerical curves of the two models are in good agreement with the experimental results proposed in the relevant literature. The feasibility of FLUENT numerical simulation in the study of resistance loss coefficient of surge chamber is verified. 2. In the numerical simulation of the flow field of the impedance surge chamber, the influence of the three and five times diameter of the monitoring surface on the simulation calculation of the resistance loss coefficient is compared at the distance bifurcation. Through analysis, the difference between the two factors in the study of resistance loss coefficient of impedance surge chamber is very small, and the monitoring surface is usually selected at the position of 3 times tube diameter at the distance bifurcation. In this paper, four impedance surge chamber models with different connection length are analyzed, and the relationship between the connection length and resistance loss coefficient is studied. Compared with the simulation data, the results show that the resistance loss coefficient of the impedance surge chamber increases with the increase of the length of the connecting pipe, and the corresponding increase part can be regarded as the resistance loss along the length of the connecting pipe. According to the actual size of the surge chamber of a hydropower station abroad, the resistance loss coefficient of the surge chamber is numerically simulated, and the resistance loss coefficient of the surge chamber under different diffluence ratios is calculated and applied to the hydraulic transient calculation of the hydropower station.
【学位授予单位】：西华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV732.5
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