长江感潮河段河相关系及其应用研究
发布时间：2018-10-05 21:35
【摘要】：河相关系是研究河床演变的主要方法之一,长江感潮河段的河相关系及其应用研究不仅可以对该河段的演变发展趋势做出预测,更可以为长江河口的系统整治与开发提供参考依据。然而,目前适用于潮汐河口的河相关系公式过于陈旧,有待重构,并且实际应用时存在主要参量确定方法不明确、预测精度不高等问题,也亟需在应用方法上进一步研究。 本文以河床演变预测为目的,针对河相关系在长江感潮河段应用过程中所遇到的问题,重构窦国仁河相关系公式,分析长江感潮河段的实测地形、水文、泥沙资料,比较确定长江感潮河段河相关系主要参量的计算方法,以澄通河段为典型案例建立断面的河相关系式,利用求得的河相关系式预测相关横断面断面形态(水深、河宽、面积)对上游来水来沙变化的响应机制,构建了较完整的河相关系应用方法和流程。论文的主要研究成果如下： (1)河相关系公式的重构：从长江感潮河段受径流和潮汐共同作用这一角度出发,利用最小活动性原理结合新的水流挟沙力公式重构窦国仁河相关系公式,建立了一个新的适用于潮汐河口的河相关系公式。 (2)河相关系主要参量计算方法的确定：借鉴河相关系相关应用成果,结合长江感潮河段具体河道的水沙情况,计算比较得出依据断面实际情况调整河床稳定性系数和综合糙率系数有助于得出更加符合实际的河相关系,并提出了一种切实可行的长江感潮河段河相关系主要参量的确定方法。 (3)河相关系的应用：以澄通河段为研究样区,采用重构后的河相关系公式,按照河相关系主要参量的确定方法整理实测资料,建立断面的河相关系式,并基此预测了多种水沙变化条件下河床形态的调整趋势。研究结果表明：三峡工程后,虽然有效地控制了下泄径流量,但向海输沙量正在急剧减少。当大通年平均含沙量下降至0.05kg/m3(即大通年平均输沙率40×106t)左右后,将导致澄通河段水深急剧刷深,河宽束窄及断面面积较大幅度增加,可能引起河床的动荡变化。
[Abstract]:Fluvial facies relationship is one of the main methods to study the evolution of river bed. The study of fluvial facies relationship and its application in the tidal section of the Yangtze River can not only predict the evolution trend of the reach. It can also provide reference for the system regulation and development of the Yangtze River estuary. However, the formula of fluvial facies relationship applied to tidal estuaries is too old and needs to be reconstructed. Moreover, there are some problems in practical application, such as the uncertainty of main parameters and the low precision of prediction, and so on, so it is necessary to further study the application methods. In this paper, aiming at the problems encountered in the application of river facies relation in the process of application of river facies relation in the tidal reach of the Yangtze River, this paper reconstructs the formula of Dou Guoren river facies relation, and analyses the measured topographic, hydrological and sediment data of the Yangtze River tidal section. This paper compares the calculation methods for determining the main parameters of the fluvial facies relationship in the tidal reach of the Yangtze River. Taking the Chengtong reach as a typical case, the river facies relation formula of the section is established, and the relevant cross section shape (water depth, river width) is predicted by the obtained river facies relation formula. The response mechanism to the change of water and sediment in the upper reaches is studied, and a more complete application method and process of river facies relationship are constructed. The main research results are as follows: (1) Reconstruction of the formula of fluvial facies relationship: from the point of view of the interaction of runoff and tide in the tidal section of the Yangtze River, Based on the principle of minimum activity and the new formula of sediment carrying capacity of water flow, a new formula of river facies relation for tidal estuaries is established. (2) the determination of the main parameters of the river facies relationship: referring to the relevant application results of the river facies relationship, combined with the water and sediment situation of the specific river channel in the Yangtze River tidal current section, The calculation and comparison show that adjusting the stability coefficient and the comprehensive roughness coefficient of the river bed according to the actual condition of the section can help to obtain a more realistic river facies relationship. A feasible method for determining the main parameters of the fluvial facies relationship in the tidal section of the Yangtze River is put forward. (3) the application of river facies relation: taking Chengtong reach as the study area, adopting the reconstructed formula of river facies relation, according to the method of determining the main parameters of river facies relation, arranging the measured data, establishing the formula of river facies relation of section. On the basis of this, the adjustment trend of river bed shape is predicted under various conditions of water and sediment change. The results show that although the discharge of runoff is effectively controlled after the three Gorges Project, the sediment discharge to the sea is decreasing sharply. When the annual average sediment content of Datong decreases to 0.05kg/m3 (i.e. the average sediment transport rate of Datong is about 40 脳 10 ~ 6 t), it will cause the water depth of Chengtong reach to brush sharply, narrow the width of the river beam and increase the cross section area by a large margin, which may lead to the turbulent change of the river bed.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV147.2
本文编号：2254949
[Abstract]:Fluvial facies relationship is one of the main methods to study the evolution of river bed. The study of fluvial facies relationship and its application in the tidal section of the Yangtze River can not only predict the evolution trend of the reach. It can also provide reference for the system regulation and development of the Yangtze River estuary. However, the formula of fluvial facies relationship applied to tidal estuaries is too old and needs to be reconstructed. Moreover, there are some problems in practical application, such as the uncertainty of main parameters and the low precision of prediction, and so on, so it is necessary to further study the application methods. In this paper, aiming at the problems encountered in the application of river facies relation in the process of application of river facies relation in the tidal reach of the Yangtze River, this paper reconstructs the formula of Dou Guoren river facies relation, and analyses the measured topographic, hydrological and sediment data of the Yangtze River tidal section. This paper compares the calculation methods for determining the main parameters of the fluvial facies relationship in the tidal reach of the Yangtze River. Taking the Chengtong reach as a typical case, the river facies relation formula of the section is established, and the relevant cross section shape (water depth, river width) is predicted by the obtained river facies relation formula. The response mechanism to the change of water and sediment in the upper reaches is studied, and a more complete application method and process of river facies relationship are constructed. The main research results are as follows: (1) Reconstruction of the formula of fluvial facies relationship: from the point of view of the interaction of runoff and tide in the tidal section of the Yangtze River, Based on the principle of minimum activity and the new formula of sediment carrying capacity of water flow, a new formula of river facies relation for tidal estuaries is established. (2) the determination of the main parameters of the river facies relationship: referring to the relevant application results of the river facies relationship, combined with the water and sediment situation of the specific river channel in the Yangtze River tidal current section, The calculation and comparison show that adjusting the stability coefficient and the comprehensive roughness coefficient of the river bed according to the actual condition of the section can help to obtain a more realistic river facies relationship. A feasible method for determining the main parameters of the fluvial facies relationship in the tidal section of the Yangtze River is put forward. (3) the application of river facies relation: taking Chengtong reach as the study area, adopting the reconstructed formula of river facies relation, according to the method of determining the main parameters of river facies relation, arranging the measured data, establishing the formula of river facies relation of section. On the basis of this, the adjustment trend of river bed shape is predicted under various conditions of water and sediment change. The results show that although the discharge of runoff is effectively controlled after the three Gorges Project, the sediment discharge to the sea is decreasing sharply. When the annual average sediment content of Datong decreases to 0.05kg/m3 (i.e. the average sediment transport rate of Datong is about 40 脳 10 ~ 6 t), it will cause the water depth of Chengtong reach to brush sharply, narrow the width of the river beam and increase the cross section area by a large margin, which may lead to the turbulent change of the river bed.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV147.2
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