“揭河底”冲刷期龙门—潼关河段的水沙响应

发布时间：2018-11-06 17:18

【摘要】：在分析黄河龙门站、潼关站历年高含沙洪水的基础上,建立了"揭河底"冲刷期潼关站汛期水沙量、洪峰期3 d水沙量、洪峰、沙峰以及洪峰时段泥沙粒径等与龙门站的响应关系。结果表明:龙门—潼关汛期水量响应关系较好,汛期沙量出现明显衰减,高含沙洪水的沙量减幅大于一般含沙量洪水的;潼关站洪峰期3 d水、沙量均小于龙门站的,"揭河底"洪水的3 d水沙量大于没有发生"揭河底"洪水的;对于一场高含沙洪水过程,流量和含沙量沿程均会衰减,发生长距离"揭河底"冲刷洪水的减幅要小于没有发生"揭河底"冲刷洪水的;近年来发生的局部"揭河底"冲刷洪水含沙量的沿程减幅明显增大,潼关站洪峰期泥沙的中值粒径多小于龙门站的,而发生长距离"揭河底"冲刷的洪水泥沙粒径细化程度较低,这对三门峡库区和黄河下游河道的冲淤非常不利。
[Abstract]:Based on the analysis of the high sediment flood in Longmen Station and Tongguan Station of the Yellow River in the past years, the flood season water and sediment amount of Tongguan Station in the period of "uncovering the river bottom", the water and sediment quantity of 3 days in Hong Feng period, the amount of water and sediment at the stage of "uncovering the river bottom", the amount of water and sediment Response relationship between sand peak and sediment particle size in Hong Feng period and Longmen station. The results show that the response of water volume in flood season of Longmen-Tongguan is good, the sediment quantity in flood season is attenuated obviously, and the sediment reduction range of high sediment bearing flood is larger than that of general sediment content flood. In Hong Feng period of Tongguan station, the amount of water and sediment is smaller than that in Longmen station, and the amount of water and sediment in 3 days of flood of "uncovering river bottom" is larger than that of "unfurling river bottom" flood. For a process of high sediment flood, the discharge and sediment content will decrease along the average, and the reduction of long distance "open river bottom" scour flood is smaller than that without "open river bottom" scour flood. In recent years, the decreasing amplitude of sediment content along local "river bottom" scouring flood has increased obviously, and the median particle size of sediment in Hong Feng period of Tongguan Station is much smaller than that in Longmen Station. However, the grain size of the flood sediment scouring in a long distance is low, which is very unfavorable to the scouring and silting of Sanmenxia Reservoir area and the lower Yellow River.
【作者单位】：黄河水利科学研究院水利部黄河泥沙重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51209101) 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(HKY-JBYW-2013-01) 水利部公益性行业科研专项(201101009)
【分类号】：TV147

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