水流与壁面间切应力估计方法的比较研究

发布时间：2018-11-11 19:59

【摘要】：精确估计水流与壁面间切应力在泥沙输移和水利工程安全方面具有重要意义。通过选取并整理文献数据,对现今七种主要的水流与壁面间切应力的估计方法在不同雷诺数的条件下进行评价和比较,发现总体上湍流动能外推法和雷诺应力外推法估计壁面切应力的可靠性和精确度最高,平均相对误差分别为3.2%和5.2%。湍流能量法、湍流动能法和雷诺应力法次之,以壁定理的精确度最低,但其所需的数据较容易获取。二阶应力法的精确度取决于阻力系数的取值。其中,壁定理和二阶应力法的估计值偏高而更加安全,湍流动能外推法的估计值较为准确,而其余方法给出的估计值偏低。所得结果对不同条件下水流与壁面间切应力估计方法的选择以及直接测量仪器的校准有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:Accurate estimation of shear stress between water flow and wall is of great significance in sediment transport and water conservancy engineering safety. By selecting and sorting out the literature data, seven main methods for estimating shear stress between water flow and wall are evaluated and compared under different Reynolds numbers. It is found that the overall reliability and accuracy of the turbulent kinetic energy extrapolation method and the Reynolds stress extrapolation method are the highest, and the average relative errors are 3.2% and 5.2%, respectively. Turbulence energy method, turbulent kinetic energy method and Reynolds stress method take the second place, the accuracy of wall theorem is the lowest, but the required data are easy to obtain. The accuracy of the second order stress method depends on the value of the resistance coefficient. Among them, the wall theorem and the second-order stress method are higher and more secure. The extrapolation method of turbulent kinetic energy is more accurate, while the other methods give lower estimates. The results are useful for the selection of shear stress estimation methods between water flow and wall and the calibration of direct measuring instruments.
【作者单位】：河海大学水利水电工程学院;英国邓迪大学土木工程系;河海大学水文水资源学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41471014)
【分类号】：TV131.3;TV14

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