滇池流域综合治理对水质的影响研究

发布时间：2018-12-12 06:35

【摘要】：滇池流域是云南省政治、经济、文化、社会建设中心,是全省经济最发达、人口最集中、城市化水平最高的区域,是昆明的“母亲湖”,也是昆明生存和发展的基础。随着城市化进程的加快,生活污水及工业废水的大量排放,滇池流域的生态环境不断恶化,水环境治理刻不容缓。根据《滇池流域水环境综合治理总体方案》,开展了环湖截污和交通工程、外流域调水及节水工程、入湖河道整治工程、农业农村面源治理工程、生态修复与建设工程、生态清淤工程六大工程体系。本论文依托水利部公益项目：高原盆地城市水源地保护和恢复技术研究(编号：201101042),以滇池流域为研究对象,深入分析了滇池流域目前面临的主要问题,滇池流域水污染现状。结合滇池流域综合整治工程,分析了入滇河道整治工程对滇池的水质影响。对牛栏江—滇池补水工程、环湖湿地建设对滇池水质改善做了预测分析。同时,针对滇池流域现状,提出了滇池流域综合整治的一些对策。研究结果表明,滇池流域水环境污染十分严重,开展入滇河道综合整治,河道污染物指标显著下降,有效的削减了进入滇池水体的污染物,改善了滇池水体水质。为使2020水平年滇池水质基本满足其规划水质目标要求,滇池所需环境补水量约6亿m3/年。实施生态补水可增加滇池水环境容量,缩短湖泊水体交换周期,牛栏江—滇池补水工程与其他措施相配合,可快速改善滇池水环境,促进区域可持续发展,是滇池治理的有效措施。滇池湖滨带湿地与生态林的建设与恢复,构建天然湖滨生态系统结构,形成从陆生到水生逐步过渡的完整的湖滨生态带,对河道污水、农业面源污水所携带的污染物有显著的去除作用。本文研究结果以期为后续治理滇池提供研究基础、科技支撑以及决策依据。
[Abstract]:Dianchi Lake Basin is the political, economic, cultural and social construction center of Yunnan Province. It is the region with the most developed economy, the most concentrated population and the highest level of urbanization in Yunnan Province. It is the "Mother Lake" of Kunming and the basis for the survival and development of Kunming. With the acceleration of urbanization and the discharge of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater, the ecological environment of Dianchi Lake Basin is deteriorating and the water environment treatment is urgent. According to the overall plan for comprehensive control of water environment in Dianchi Lake Basin, the project of intercepting pollution and traffic around the lake, transferring water and saving water in the outer basin, renovating the river course into the lake, harnessing the agricultural rural non-point source, ecological restoration and construction are carried out. Six major engineering systems of ecological desilting project. Based on the public welfare project of Ministry of Water Resources: research on the protection and restoration technology of urban water sources in plateau basin (No. 201101042), this paper takes Dianchi Basin as the research object, and analyzes the main problems faced by Dianchi Lake Basin at present. Present situation of Water pollution in Dianchi Lake Basin. Based on the comprehensive regulation project of Dianchi Lake basin, the influence of river regulation engineering into Yunnan on the water quality of Dianchi Lake is analyzed. The water quality improvement of Dianchi Lake is predicted by the Niulanjiang-Dianchi Lake water supply project and the wetland construction around the lake. At the same time, according to the present situation of Dianchi Lake Basin, some countermeasures for comprehensive regulation of Dianchi Lake Basin are put forward. The results show that the pollution of water environment in Dianchi Lake basin is very serious, and the comprehensive regulation of the river course into Yunnan is carried out, and the pollutant index of the river channel decreases significantly, which effectively reduces the pollutants entering into the water body of Dianchi Lake and improves the water quality of Dianchi Lake. In order to make the water quality of Dianchi Lake in 2020 level basically meet the water quality target of Dianchi Lake, the environmental recharge capacity of Dianchi Lake is about 600 million m3 / year. The implementation of ecological water supplementation can increase the water environment capacity of Dianchi Lake, shorten the period of lake water exchange, and coordinate with other measures to improve the water environment of Dianchi Lake and promote the sustainable development of the region. It is an effective measure to control Dianchi Lake. The construction and restoration of wetland and ecological forest in Dianchi Lake lakeshore zone, the construction of natural lakeside ecosystem structure, the formation of a complete lakeside ecological zone from terrestrial to aquatic life, and the formation of river sewage. The pollutants carried by agricultural non-point source sewage have significant removal effect. The results of this paper are expected to provide research basis, scientific and technological support and decision-making basis for the subsequent management of Dianchi Lake.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X524;TV882

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