水工混凝土空蚀过程中的热学作用研究

发布时间：2018-12-12 15:52

【摘要】：随着坝工技术水平的提高和水力资源的深入开发利用,高坝建设发展迅速,其泄量大、流速高时的泄洪消能和防冲保护问题是目前建设中主要技术难题。传统设计以力学破坏机理为基础,采用高强混凝土未从根本上解决水工抗空蚀问题。通过电火花空泡发生装置的研制结合高速摄像机观察了空泡的发生及溃灭过程,并利用超声波空化设备进行了水泥净浆空蚀试验,探讨了热学作用在混凝土空蚀破坏中可能性,尝试从另一角度研究高速水流下水工混凝土的空蚀作用机理,剖析目前水工混凝土建筑物空蚀破坏中力学作用和热学作用关系,为高速水流下水工混凝土材料的防空蚀技术提供对策依据。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of dam construction technology level and the further development and utilization of hydraulic resources, the construction of high dam is developing rapidly, and the problems of flood discharge, energy dissipation and anti-scour protection at high velocity are the main technical problems in construction at present. The traditional design is based on the mechanism of mechanical failure and the use of high strength concrete has not fundamentally solved the problem of cavitation resistance in hydraulic engineering. The occurrence and collapse process of cavitation were observed by the development of electric spark cavitation device combined with high speed camera. The cavitation test of cement paste was carried out by using ultrasonic cavitation equipment, and the possibility of thermal action in cavitation damage of concrete was discussed. This paper attempts to study the cavitation mechanism of hydraulic concrete under high velocity water flow from another angle, and analyzes the relationship between mechanical and thermal effects in cavitation damage of hydraulic concrete buildings at present. It provides the countermeasure basis for anti-air erosion technology of hydraulic concrete material under high speed water flow.
【作者单位】：南京水利科学研究院;水利部水工新材料工程技术研究中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51479125);国家自然科学基金项目(51479124)
【分类号】：TV431

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