河流水情监测系统的研究与应用

发布时间：2019-01-22 11:28

【摘要】：随着社会和经济的不断发展,水文资源监测系统的现代化显得尤为重要,而目前水文信息监测技术比较落后,自动化水平较低,已经不能满足水文资源信息化、网络化、自动化等的需要。本文在研究国内现有水文监测技术的基础上,充分利用传感器技术、无线通讯技术、电子信息技术设计了一套河流水情监测系统。该系统利用目前发展较为成熟的GPRS(General Packet Radio Service,通用分组无线业务)网络作为监测中心与遥测站点的通讯桥梁,结合先进的微处理器技术完成对监测河道水位、水温、流速以及风速等水文信息的数据采集、分析以及对河道的实时监测。首先,研究了国内外常用的无线通信方式,通过对多种传输模式的对比和分析,结合本文所要研究的具体内容的基础上选择了基于GPRS的网络的无线传输方案,实现了监测终端站点的水文数据的远程传输。其次,在提出了河流水情监测系统的整体结构框图的基础上,对系统的硬件和软件设计作了详细的介绍。本系统主要由数据采集终端、GPRS无线传输模块以及监测中心三个部分组成。数据采集终端部分负责实时采集传感器信息；GPRS传输模块负责从RS232串口上接收状态数据,并将这些信息按照一定的帧格式处理,再将数据发送至GPRS网络,最终通过Internet网络到达监测中心；监测中心负责将接收到的数据分析处理,以曲线的形式实时显示并存储,便于日后查询打印。最后,用递推中位值平均滤波算法以及卡尔曼滤波算法对实际采集的几组液位、温度、流速以及风速数据进行了处理,试验结果证明卡尔曼滤波算法的处理后的数据更接近于其真实值,同时也说明了河流水情监测系统的可靠性。
[Abstract]:With the development of society and economy, the modernization of hydrological resources monitoring system is becoming more and more important. The need for automation, etc. Based on the research of the existing hydrological monitoring technology in China, a river hydrologic monitoring system is designed based on sensor technology, wireless communication technology and electronic information technology. The system uses the mature GPRS (General Packet Radio Service, general packet radio service network as the communication bridge between the monitoring center and the telemetry station, and combines the advanced microprocessor technology to complete the monitoring of river water level and water temperature. Data collection, analysis and real-time monitoring of hydrological information such as velocity and wind speed. First of all, the common wireless communication methods at home and abroad are studied. Through the comparison and analysis of various transmission modes, combined with the specific contents of this paper, the wireless transmission scheme based on GPRS network is selected. The remote transmission of hydrological data of monitoring terminal station is realized. Secondly, the hardware and software design of the system is introduced in detail on the basis of the overall structure diagram of the river water regime monitoring system. The system consists of three parts: data acquisition terminal, GPRS wireless transmission module and monitoring center. The data acquisition terminal is responsible for collecting sensor information in real time. The GPRS transmission module is responsible for receiving the state data from the RS232 serial port, processing the information according to a certain frame format, then sending the data to the GPRS network, and finally reaching the monitoring center through the Internet network. The monitoring center is responsible for analyzing and processing the received data, displaying and storing the data in the form of curves in real time, so as to facilitate the query and print in the future. Finally, several groups of liquid level, temperature, velocity and wind speed data collected are processed by recursive median average filter algorithm and Kalman filter algorithm. The experimental results show that the processed data of the Kalman filtering algorithm is closer to its real value, and the reliability of the river water regime monitoring system is also explained.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV123

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