黔东南岜扒村水生态基础设施规划设计研究

发布时间：2019-03-27 15:56

【摘要】：岜扒村作为黔东南地区典型传统侗寨,具有传统的水资源利用方式,体现出侗族特有的人与自然互为和谐的栖居图景。然而,水井、堰塘、排水渠等传统水基础设施及水环境格局如今却面临废弃危机。那么,岜扒村传统水基础设施如何换发青春,其中蕴含的乡土智慧如何得以传承,是本研究要解决的问题。本文通过运用文献研究、田野调查、归纳总结等方法,挖掘岜扒村传统水基础设施中以物质和非物质要素呈现的乡土智慧,针对当前村寨给排水系统中存在的诸如水污染严重、不能满足村民日常需求等问题,剖析传统水基础设施面临废弃的关键原因是人口剧增导致水面积被侵占、道路建设导致水流动被中断,流水自净的能力逐渐瓦解等,加之水源不足及现代化工产品的进入,传统水流程已不能带动水流进行污水净化。通过乡土智慧的保留与价值评析及传统水基础设施机制修复研究,总结出最大限度修复传统水基础设施后所能达到的运行效果,此时仍不能完全承载现有污水量时,适度引入现代生态技术,最终得到一套可行的、适合传统侗寨的水生态基础设施规划设计方法。主要研究结论:(1)传统水基础设施蕴含的乡土智慧有保留价值,可从扩展水面积、延长水流程、增加水深、植物与生物组合等方面进行传统水基础设施机制修复;(2)最大限度修复传统水基础设施后运行效果不能达标,可通过融合现代生态技术予以传承;(3)有助于类似侗寨水基础设施修复,但依然面对着我国农村水基础设施规划相关规范、标准的挑战。但传统机制的修复后的运行效果仍需时间的验证,对于逐步改善当前单一标准衡量乡村水基础设施规划建设具有支撑作用。
[Abstract]:As a typical traditional Dong village in southeastern Guizhou, Baka Village has a traditional way of using water resources, which shows that the unique people and nature of Dong nationality live in harmony with each other. However, traditional water infrastructure and patterns of water environment, such as wells, Yantang, drainage channels, are now facing a crisis of abandonment. So, how to change the youth of traditional water infrastructure and how to inherit the local wisdom are the problems to be solved in this study. By using the methods of literature research, field investigation, induction and summary, this paper excavates the local wisdom presented by material and non-material elements in the traditional water infrastructure of Bapao village, aiming at the serious water pollution existing in the current village water supply and drainage system. Problems such as failure to meet the daily needs of villagers are analyzed. The key reasons for the abandonment of traditional water infrastructure are the encroachment of water area caused by a dramatic increase in population, the disruption of water flow due to road construction, and the gradual disintegration of the capacity of flowing water to self-purify, and so on. In addition, the shortage of water source and the entry of modern chemical products, the traditional water flow can not drive the water flow to clean up the sewage. Through the study on the preservation and value of local wisdom and the restoration of traditional water infrastructure mechanism, this paper sums up the operational effect that can be achieved by repairing the traditional water infrastructure to the maximum extent. At this time, it is still unable to fully carry the existing sewage water. Appropriate introduction of modern ecological technology, finally a set of feasible, suitable for the traditional Dong village water ecological infrastructure planning and design methods. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the local wisdom contained in the traditional water infrastructure has reserved value, which can be repaired by extending the water area, extending the water flow, increasing the water depth, combining plant and biology, etc. (2) after repairing the traditional water infrastructure to the maximum extent, the operation effect can not reach the standard, and it can be inherited through the integration of modern ecological technology; (3) it is helpful for the restoration of water infrastructure similar to Dong Zhai, but it is still facing the challenge of the related standards and norms of rural water infrastructure planning in China. However, it still needs time to verify the operation effect after the restoration of the traditional mechanism, which has a supporting role in improving the current single standard to measure the planning and construction of rural water infrastructure.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU982.29;TV212

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