斜向消力池水流特性试验研究

发布时间：2019-05-27 11:42

【摘要】：由于实际工程的特殊性和复杂性,大多交通桥(闸)轴线或中心线与河道中心线夹角并非呈90°,如果按照底流消能消力池垂直河道的常规做法,必然会出现在桥后与消力池的连接段河道采用“梯形”混凝上进行连接过度,从而增加了该连接段的混凝土工程量和工程造价。若将交通桥(闸)后的消力池的前后沿改为顺桥(闸)方向(即消力池的前后沿与桥中心线方向平行)不仅可以减少工程量,节约资金,同时还会达到更好的消能防冲效果。由于关于斜向消力池的研究并不多,本论文是在前人研究正向消力池内水流特性的原理上,探索斜向消力池内的水流特性。论文中研究了夹角75°、60°和45°三个方案,探索斜向消力池内的水流特性,探索的内容主要有斜向消力池内的纵向流速、横向流速、池内水深、弗劳德数凡、斜向消力池内的消能效果以及斜向消力池内的跃后水深计算公式,通过对比分析的方法发现： (1)对于斜向交通桥(闸)后的消力池,采用斜向消力池的设计方法比正向消力池的设计方法更好。 (2)斜向消力池内的水流特性,包括消力池内的水深变化,横向流速、纵向流速、弗劳德数以及消能效果均有一定的变化规律,其变化规律均与斜向消力池夹角的角度有关,文章中有具体论述。 (3)斜向消力池的整体消能效果比正向消力池的整体效果好； (4)正向消力池内的跃后水深计算公式并不适用于斜向消力池内的跃后水深计算,文章中归纳、总结,初步提出了夹角75°、60°和45°斜向消力池内的跃后水深经验计算公式。通过对试验的分析和研究,发现了斜向消力池内水流特性的许多规律和特点,同时最重要的是发现了斜向消力池内消能效果比正向消力池内的消能效果好,对于交通桥(闸室)与河道不垂直的状况,建议采用斜向消力池的设计方法。
[Abstract]:Due to the particularity and complexity of the actual project, the angle between the axis or center line of most traffic bridges (sluice) and the center line of the river is not 90 掳. If according to the conventional practice of vertical channel in the bottom flow energy dissipation stilling pool, It is inevitable that the connection between the bridge and the stilling pool will be overconnected by "ladder" coagulation, thus increasing the concrete engineering quantity and engineering cost of the connection section. If the front and rear edge of the stilling pool after the traffic bridge (sluice) is changed to the direction of the downstream bridge (sluice) (that is, the front and rear edge of the stilling pool is parallel to the direction of the center line of the bridge), it can not only reduce the amount of engineering, save funds, but also achieve better energy dissipation and impact protection. Since there are few studies on oblique stilling ponds, this paper explores the flow characteristics in oblique stilling ponds on the principle of previous studies on the flow characteristics in forward stilling ponds. In this paper, three schemes with angles 75 掳, 60 掳and 45 掳are studied, and the flow characteristics in the oblique stilling tank are explored. The main contents of the exploration are the longitudinal velocity, transverse velocity, water depth and Froude number in the oblique stilling pool. The energy dissipation effect in the oblique stilling pool and the formula for calculating the jump water depth in the oblique stilling pool are compared and analyzed, and it is found that: (1) for the stilling pool behind the oblique traffic bridge (sluice), The design method of oblique stilling pool is better than that of forward stilling pool. (2) the flow characteristics in the oblique stilling tank, including the variation of water depth, transverse velocity, longitudinal velocity, Froude number and energy dissipation effect, all have certain variation laws, which are related to the angle between the angle of the oblique stilling pool. There is a specific discussion in the article. (3) the overall energy dissipation effect of oblique stilling pool is better than that of forward stilling pool; (4) the formula for calculating the water depth after jump in the forward stilling tank is not suitable for the calculation of the water depth after jump in the oblique stilling pool. In this paper, the angle of 75 掳is preliminarily put forward. Empirical formulas for calculating the depth of water after jump in 60 掳and 45 掳oblique stilling ponds. Through the analysis and research of the experiment, many laws and characteristics of the flow characteristics in the oblique stilling pool are found, and the most important thing is that the energy dissipation effect in the oblique stilling pool is better than that in the forward stilling pool. For the condition that the traffic bridge (gate chamber) is not perpendicular to the river channel, the design method of oblique stilling pool is suggested.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV653;TV135.2

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