一种基于Voronoi的分布式传感网声源定位方法

发布时间：2018-06-24 21:00

本文选题：无线传感网 + 泰森多边形　；参考：《大连理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着无线传感网技术的日益发展,大量传统应用获得了与无线传感网整合的契机,其中声源定位技术的发展最具代表性。基于传统的TOA,TDOA, AOA, RSSI等声源定位方案,衍生出了一系列新型定位方案,尤其是基于非测距信息的声源定位方案在最近几年取得了跨越式的发展。研究已有的声源定位方案,发现该领域主要面临以下几个问题：(1)基于TOA和TDOA的定位方案大多对时间同步有较为苛刻的要求,而在大型无线传感网中难以实现高精度的全局时间同步：(2)传感网中,集中式声源定位方案对信息的集中处理需要较高的通信代价,这对能量受限的传感器节点提出了巨大的挑战；(3)针对特定应用场景制定的声源定位方案很难拥有平台移植性和扩展性,复杂的外在环境对系统的可用性和可靠性提出了非常大的挑战。本文提出了一种基于Voronoi的分布式传感网声源定位方案：DiVA(Distributed Voronoi-based Acoustic Source Localization)。DiVA将Voronoi图对空间的覆盖切割与TDOA定位技术相结合,首先基于非测距的空间分割获得一块较小的可疑区域,随后在可疑区域中应用TDOA位置估算方法实现精确目标定位。通过仿真和实测实验验证,本文提出的DiVA方案能够取得很好的定位效果。与传统的TOA、TDOA及DSL系列定位方案相比,其定位更为精准,同时具备更好的系统鲁棒性和稳定性；在开放的室内理想环境中,其定位误差能达到厘米级。在更为复杂的室外自然环境中系统也能稳定运行,充分展示了DiVA对各种环境干扰的鲁棒性和系统可靠性。
[Abstract]:With the development of wireless sensor network (WSN) technology, a large number of traditional applications have gained the opportunity of integration with WSN, among which the development of acoustic source location technology is the most representative. Based on the traditional TOAA, AOAA, RSSI and other sound source localization schemes, a series of new localization schemes have been derived, especially the sound source localization schemes based on non-ranging information have been developed by leaps and bounds in recent years. After studying the existing sound source localization schemes, it is found that the main problems in this field are as follows: (1) most of the localization schemes based on TOA and TDOA have harsh requirements for time synchronization. However, it is difficult to achieve high precision global time synchronization in large wireless sensor networks. (2) in sensor networks, the centralized processing of information requires high communication cost. This poses a great challenge to sensor nodes with limited energy. (3) it is difficult for acoustic source localization schemes to be portable and extensible for specific application scenarios. The complex external environment poses a great challenge to the availability and reliability of the system. This paper presents a Voronoi based sound source localization scheme for distributed sensor networks: Diva (distributed Voronoi-based Acoustic Source Localization) .DiVA combines Voronoi map coverage cutting with TDOA location technology. Firstly, a small suspicious area is obtained based on non-ranging space segmentation. Then TDOA position estimation method is applied to realize accurate target location in suspicious area. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed DiVA scheme can achieve a good positioning effect. Compared with the traditional TDOA and DSL positioning schemes, the positioning scheme is more accurate and has better system robustness and stability, and the positioning error can reach centimeter level in an open indoor ideal environment. The system can also operate stably in the more complex outdoor natural environment, which fully demonstrates the robustness and reliability of DiVA to various environmental disturbances.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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