室内超宽带定位导航系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-10-10 19:52

【摘要】：资产管理对于任何一家企事业单位都十分重要,单位资产数量大、种类多、分布零散的特点给资产管理人员的工作带来了很多困难。如果能够及时获取资产的变动情况、感知资产的位置信息,将大大提高资产管理效率。超宽带(Ultra-Wide Band,UWB)凭借其数据传输快、时间分辨率高和脉冲宽度窄的特点,在室内定位和流媒体等领域得到了大量应用。基于此背景,本文设计并实现了一款适用于资产管理领域的室内定位导航系统,在地图显示和定位精度方面具有一定的优势。本文的主要研究内容如下:1.根据实际应用需求,完成了系统需求分析和性能分析,在此基础上,从硬件模块、驱动软件、应用软件和室内三维地图四方面进行了系统设计。使用Decawave公司推出的DW1000作为UWB收发芯片,以Altium Designer2012作为硬件开发平台。软件部分由服务器、客户端、数据库和嵌入式软件组成,以Unity3D、VS2015和Keil5作为软件开发平台。2.根据系统设计,本文首先实现了UWB节点的硬件和驱动软件,然后从用户登录注册、地图视野操作、兴趣点(Point of Interest,POI)信息查询、定位目标显示、导航路径显示、用户权限分配以及消息处理等模块实现了应用软件。3.本文对比了常用的无线定位方法,论述了定位算法的理论推导过程及各自的特点,包括具有解析表达式的Fang算法、Chan算法和迭代形式的Taylor级数展开法、高斯-牛顿法,并仿真分析了测距误差在服从高斯分布条件下不同算法的性能,根据仿真结果确定本文选用的定位方法和算法。4.对系统的各个模块进行了测试,测试结果表明该系统功能和性能良好。在高速(6.8Mbps)和低速(110kbps)传输速率下,两节点间通信距离分别为23m和26m。除此之外,相对于传统的资产管理系统,本系统在地图显示方面更加形象逼真。将UWB室内定位技术和资产管理系统相结合能够有效提高资产管理效率,降低资产管理员的劳动强度和系统操作难度,为企事业单位节省开支。
[Abstract]:Asset management is very important to any enterprise or institution. The characteristics of large number of assets, many kinds and scattered distribution bring a lot of difficulties to the work of asset managers. If we can get the change of assets in time and perceive the location information of assets, the efficiency of asset management will be greatly improved. Ultra-wideband (Ultra-Wide Band,UWB) has been widely used in indoor positioning and streaming media due to its fast data transmission, high time resolution and narrow pulse width. Based on this background, this paper designs and implements an indoor positioning and navigation system suitable for asset management, which has some advantages in map display and positioning accuracy. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. According to the practical application requirements, the system requirement analysis and performance analysis are completed. On this basis, the system design is carried out from four aspects: hardware module, driving software, application software and indoor 3D map. Using DW1000 from Decawave as UWB transceiver chip and Altium Designer2012 as hardware development platform. The software part consists of server, client, database and embedded software, with Unity3D,VS2015 and Keil5 as the software development platform. 2. According to the design of the system, the hardware and driving software of UWB node are realized in this paper, and then from user login registration, map view operation, (Point of Interest,POI) information query, location target display, navigation path display, User rights allocation and message processing module to achieve the application software. 3. This paper compares the commonly used wireless localization methods, and discusses the theoretical derivation process and their respective characteristics of the localization algorithm, including the Fang algorithm with analytical expressions, the Chan algorithm and the Taylor series expansion method in iterative form, Gao Si Newton method, and so on. The performance of different algorithms of ranging error under the condition of Gao Si distribution is analyzed by simulation, and the location methods and algorithms selected in this paper are determined according to the simulation results. 4. The test results show that the system has good function and performance. At high speed (6.8Mbps) and low speed (110kbps) transmission rates, the communication distances between the two nodes are 23m and 26m, respectively. In addition, compared with the traditional asset management system, the system is more realistic in map display. The combination of UWB indoor positioning technology and asset management system can effectively improve the efficiency of asset management, reduce the labor intensity of asset managers and the difficulty of system operation, and save expenses for enterprises and institutions.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN96;TN925

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