物种灭绝背景下东海渔业资源衰退原因分析

发布时间：2018-01-18 10:36

本文关键词：物种灭绝背景下东海渔业资源衰退原因分析　出处：《中国科学:地球科学》2015年11期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目前全世界几乎所有海域的遗传多样性、物种多样性和生态系统多样性等各个层次都在经受着严重破坏,海洋生态系统严重退化,海洋生物的灭绝速度大大加快.文章从东海海域的海水营养盐结构改变、海洋污染的毒害作用、海洋生境破坏、气候变暖导致海水温度升高、海洋酸化、海洋渔业捕捞压力、海洋致病微生物的扩散等方面分析了可能导致东海渔业资源衰退的原因.认为上述各种因素对东海渔业资源的衰退影响巨大,而且鉴于各种因素的累积效应以及共同作用后的放大效应和叠加效应,实际海洋生态系统中海洋生物的灭绝风险可能比以前估计的更加严重.因此,在生态系统管理中,针对某一风险或影响因素的研究和管理不足以改变东海海洋生态系统退化和海洋渔业资源衰退的状况,对东海海域全面、系统、有效的研究和管控是生态系统健康和持续发展的必然要求.
[Abstract]:At present, the genetic diversity, species diversity and ecosystem diversity in almost all sea areas of the world are undergoing serious damage and marine ecosystem degradation. The extinction rate of marine organisms is greatly accelerated. This paper changes the structure of marine nutrients in the East China Sea, the toxic effect of marine pollution, the destruction of marine habitats, and the warming of the climate leads to the rise of sea temperature and ocean acidification. The reasons that may cause the decline of fishery resources in the East China Sea are analyzed in terms of fishing pressure and the spread of marine pathogenic microorganisms. It is considered that these factors have a great impact on the decline of fishery resources in the East China Sea. Moreover, given the cumulative effects of various factors and the combined amplification and superposition effects, the risk of extinction of marine organisms in actual marine ecosystems may be more serious than previously estimated. In ecosystem management, the study and management of a certain risk or influence factor is not enough to change the degradation of marine ecosystem and the decline of marine fishery resources in the East China Sea. Effective research and management is necessary for the healthy and sustainable development of ecosystem.
【作者单位】：浙江海洋学院海洋科学与技术学院;国家海洋局温州海洋环境监测中心站;
【基金】：国家海洋局公益行业科研专项项目(编号:201505003,201505025)资助
【分类号】：S931
【正文快照】： *联系人,E-mail:zsj62@163.com;联系人,E-mail:wucw08@126.com国家海洋局公益行业科研专项项目(编号:201505003,201505025)资助目前,世界范围内物种灭绝的速度大大加快,在20世纪的100年中,世界范围内哺乳动物灭绝了23种,为化石记录的13~135倍(王绍武等,2011),由此可以看出地球

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