淮河流域城镇化对水资源利用效率的影响研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 23:15

  本文关键词： 淮河流域 城镇化 水资源利用效率 综合指数法 数据包络分析法　出处：《安徽财经大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：水资源短缺、污染问题是当今世界面临的重大课题,中国是个干旱缺水严重的国家,近年来随着城镇化步伐的加快,缺水形势更加严峻,还伴随着严重的水污染问题。淮河流域是我国重要的农业和工业生产基地,然而经济的快速发展和城镇化建设的高速推进,使得淮河流域出现水资源短缺、污染严重、生态环境恶化、调蓄能力差等问题,解决这些问题的根本办法就是要提高水资源利用效率。在此背景下,本文对淮河流域城镇化与水资源利用效率关系的深入研究,不仅有助于解决淮河流域城镇化发展需要和水资源环境保护的矛盾,更好地把握城镇化进程,提高水资源利用效率,还对其他经济发展和环境保护不协调的地区提供一定的借鉴意义。首先,对国内外水资源利用效率和城镇化对水资源利用效率的影响研究两方面相关文献进行了梳理,并做了简要述评,以确立本文的研究内容和方向。再从城镇化和水资源利用的相关理论入手,明确了城镇化、水资源利用效率的内涵,介绍了水资源利用的理论基础,据此以及其他学者的相关研究对城镇化影响水资源利用效率的机理进行了分析,从理论上初步认为人口变动、产业结构调整、技术进步、经济增长是城镇化影响水资源利用效率的路径之一。其次,在分析淮河流域城镇化发展概况的基础上,根据淮河流域区域特色和发展特点建立了淮河流域城镇化发展水平综合评价指标体系,运用综合指数法,将熵权法与TOPSIS法相结合测度了2010-2014年淮河流域城镇化发展水平指数。结果发现:淮河流域城镇化发展速度不断加快,发展水平不断提高,但是整体水平较低且存在较大的时空差异;其中郑州市、合肥市、南京市等省会城市城镇化发展水平较高,南阳市、信阳市、周口市、驻马店市等小型城市城镇化发展水平较低。然后,对淮河流域水资源概况进行深入分析的基础上,运用数据包络分析法对淮河流域2010-2014年水资源利用综合效率、纯技术效率、规模效率进行了测度,结果表明:淮河流域存在水资源总量减少、供水渠道单一、用水主要还是以农业为主、水污染形势依旧严峻等问题;淮河流域水资源利用效率不高且存在较大时空差异,具体表现为水资源利用综合效率、纯技术效率呈现先上升后下降的特点,大部分城市水资源利用综合效率仍在0.5水平之下,水资源整体利用水平不高,水资源利用规模效率较低,大多数城市水资源利用处于规模收益不变和递减的状态,只有小部分城市扩大生产规模能促进产出增加,且地级市之间水资源利用效率值存在较大差异。最后,分别建立了静态面板模型和动态面板模型,对淮河流域城镇化与水资源利用综合效率、纯技术效率、规模效率之间的关系进行了深入分析,研究表明:淮河流域城镇化发展对水资源利用综合效率、纯技术效率、规模效率的提高都有负面影响,其中城镇化发展水平对水资源利用综合效率和纯技术效率的这种负面影响较大,对水资源利用规模效率的负面影响较小。研究还证实人口变动、产业结构调整、技术进步、经济增长是城镇化影响水资源利用效率的路径之一,具体表现为人口集聚和技术进步能够促进水资源利用效率的提高,然而产业结构和经济增长对水资源利用效率的提高表现出抑制作用。并且,根据实证研究结果,提出了优化城镇化发展模式、提高水资源利用效率的对策建议。
[Abstract]:The shortage of water resources, pollution is a major issue facing the world today, China is a serious shortage of drought in recent years, with the accelerated pace of urbanization, water shortage situation is more severe, accompanied by serious water pollution. Huaihe basin is China's important agricultural and industrial production base, but the rapid development and construction the rapid advance of urbanization economy, the Huaihe basin water resources shortage, serious pollution, deterioration of the ecological environment, the problem of storage capacity is poor, the fundamental way to solve these problems is to improve the utilization efficiency of water resources. In this context, the Huaihe River Basin urbanization and deep research on the efficiency of utilization of water resources, not only to help resolve the contradiction between urban development and the need of Huaihe basin water resources and environmental protection, to better grasp the process of urbanization, improve the utilization efficiency of water resources, but also to the other Provides a reference for economic development and environmental protection coordination area. Firstly, the efficiency and utilization of urban water resources at home and abroad influence on water use efficiency of two related literature is reviewed, and a brief review of the research, to establish the content and direction from the relevant theories of urbanization. And the use of water resources of the urbanization, the connotation of water resources utilization efficiency, introduces the theoretical basis of the utilization of water resources, according to related research and other scholars analyzed the influence mechanism of urbanization and the utilization efficiency of water resources, primarily that the population changes from the theory, the adjustment of industrial structure, technological progress. Economic growth is the urbanization path of the utilization efficiency of water resources. Secondly, based on the analysis of the development situation of Huaihe River town, according to the regional characteristics of Huaihe basin and development. Point to establish a comprehensive evaluation index system of urbanization development level of Huaihe basin, by using comprehensive index method, entropy weight method and TOPSIS method combined with the measure of 2010-2014 years of Huaihe River Basin urbanization development level index. The results showed that the speed of urbanization development in Huaihe basin is accelerating, constantly improve the level of development, but the overall level is low and there is the difference between time and space; one of Zhengzhou City, Hefei City, the capital city is higher, the development level of urbanization in Nanjing City, Nanyang City, Xinyang City, Zhoukou City, the level of development of small city urbanization in Zhumadian city is low. Then, based on the in-depth analysis of the situation of water resources in Huaihe basin, using data envelopment analysis 2010-2014 years of the Huaihe river basin water resources comprehensive efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency were measured, results show that the total amount of water resources in Huaihe basin are reduced, the water supply channel 鍗曚竴,鐢ㄦ按涓昏�佽繕鏄�浠ュ啘涓氫负涓，

本文编号：1544737