我国地下水资源保护法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-07 00:06

本文选题：地下水资源　切入点：地下水资源保护　出处：《河北地质大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：地下水资源与人类生存、发展息息相关,是重要的生态环境要素。随着经济社会的发展,人口数量不断攀升,我国面临着地下水资源超采、地下水资源污染和地下水生态环境破坏等严重问题。我国初步形成的地下水资源保护法律体系与面临的严峻现实不相适应。本文针对地下水资源保护法律制度存在的若干问题,提出了相应的完善建议。全文共分为六部分:第一部分为绪论,对本文的研究背景、研究价值、研究方法进行简要说明。第二部分为地下水资源保护基本理论问题探究,主要确定了地下水资源概念、自有的四大特征以及建立地下水资源保护法律制度的法理基础。第三部分阐述了我国地下水资源的现状,指出了我国地下水资源面临的一系列困境,并对不利现状进行了原因分析。第四部分指出我国地下水资源保护存在的缺陷,其中包括立法滞后、基础法律制度不健全、法律处罚不严、监管体制不合理等问题。文中第五部分是国外地下水资源保护的特色立法,主要介绍了美、澳、荷及英国四个国家的特色制度,为我国地下水资源保护提供参考与借鉴。本文最后一部分针对我国地下水资源的突出问题,借鉴国外成功的管理模式与法律制度,从完善立法原则入手,提出要协调现有的法律、法规,完善我国地下水资源保护的法律体系,实现地下水资源保护“动态法律”的目标;在立法内容上,提出填补刑法中的罚则缺失,提高行政处罚及刑事处罚的标准,使法律、法规更具威慑力;针对我国地下水资源的分类取水许可制度、超采区管理制度、监测制度、应急预警制度、人工回灌制度都提出了相应的完善建议。同时,建议建立长效的地下水资源的监管体制,正确处理统一监管与分权的关系,做到各部门各司其职、有效协商、基本信息共享、互相合作。
[Abstract]:Groundwater resources are closely related to human survival and development, and are important ecological environmental elements.With the development of economy and society, the population is increasing, and our country is faced with serious problems such as over-exploitation of groundwater resources, pollution of groundwater resources and destruction of groundwater ecological environment.The preliminary legal system of groundwater resources protection in China does not adapt to the severe reality.In view of some problems existing in the legal system of groundwater resources protection, this paper puts forward some corresponding suggestions for perfection.This paper is divided into six parts: the first part is the introduction, the research background, research value, research methods are briefly explained.The second part discusses the basic theory of groundwater resources protection, mainly determines the concept of groundwater resources, its own four characteristics and the legal basis of establishing the legal system of groundwater resources protection.The third part expounds the present situation of our country's groundwater resources, points out a series of difficulties faced by our country's groundwater resources, and analyzes the reasons for the unfavorable situation.The fourth part points out the defects existing in the protection of groundwater resources in China, including the problems of lagging legislation, imperfect basic legal system, lax legal punishment, unreasonable supervision system, and so on.The fifth part is the characteristic legislation of groundwater resources protection in foreign countries, which mainly introduces the characteristic systems of the United States, Australia, Netherlands and Britain, and provides reference and reference for the protection of groundwater resources in our country.In the last part of this paper, aiming at the outstanding problems of groundwater resources in our country, we draw lessons from the successful management mode and legal system of foreign countries, start with perfecting the legislative principles, and propose to coordinate the existing laws and regulations.Perfecting the legal system of groundwater resources protection in our country, realizing the goal of "dynamic law" in the protection of groundwater resources, putting forward to fill the penalty deficiency in criminal law, raising the standard of administrative punishment and criminal punishment, making the law,The regulations have more deterrent power, and the corresponding suggestions are put forward for the classification of water intake permit system, the management system of over-mining area, the monitoring system, the emergency warning system and the artificial recharge system in China.At the same time, it is suggested to establish a long-term supervision system of groundwater resources, to correctly handle the relationship between unified supervision and decentralization, to carry out their respective duties, to negotiate effectively, to share basic information and to cooperate with each other.
【学位授予单位】：河北地质大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.66

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