论环境变化对北极原住民经济的影响——以加拿大因纽特人为例

发布时间：2019-02-26 08:25

【摘要】：环境变化给北极原住民带来的影响是全方位的,涉及到经济、文化、教育、健康、饮食等方方面面,本文以经济要素为主线,以加拿大因纽特民族为例,考察北极原住民在近年来全球环境变化下的社会生活的变迁。首先,环境变化使因纽特人的传统经济活动——狩猎只能在夹缝中求生存;其次,环境变化使北极地区丰富的矿产资源开发提供了便利,然而从可持续发展的视角来看,环境变化给经济活动带来的边际效益将随着资源的开发殆尽而对因纽特人造成无法估量的影响;最后,旅游业是因纽特民族的第二大产业,然而那些可以满足游客猎奇心理的因纽特人传统活动已经随着气候、环境的变化,以及外来文明的冲击而悄然发生了变迁。总体而言,环境变化对因纽特人利弊参半,前途莫测。
[Abstract]:The impact of environmental change on the indigenous peoples of the Arctic is all-round, involving economic, cultural, educational, health, diet and other aspects. This article takes the economic elements as the main line, taking the Inuit nation of Canada as an example. To examine the changes in the social life of the Arctic aborigines in recent years under global environmental changes. First of all, environmental changes make the traditional economic activities of the Inuit people-hunting can only survive in the crevices; Secondly, environmental change has facilitated the exploitation of rich mineral resources in the Arctic, but from the perspective of sustainable development, The marginal benefits brought by environmental change to economic activities will have an inestimable impact on the Inuit people with the exploitation of resources. Finally, tourism is the second largest industry of the Inuit nation, but the traditional activities of the Inuit, which can satisfy the tourists' strange hunting psychology, have changed quietly with the change of climate, the environment and the impact of the foreign civilization. Overall, environmental change has mixed pros and cons for the Inuit, and the future is uncertain.
【作者单位】：同济大学政治与国际关系学院;
【基金】：教育部项目“北极环境变化中的中国国家安全利益”(10YJAGJW017) 国家海洋局极地办课题“北极环境变化下的中国安全环境研究” 同济大学文科卓越青年学者计划项目“北极原住民研究”的中期成果
【分类号】：C954

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