Morpho-physiological and Antioxidants Enzymes Response in Sc
发布时间：2021-07-01 12:14
农田土壤镉毒对植物动物的影响引起全球学者注意。通过四个相关且独立的实验,探讨不同程度镉毒的土壤动态变化,以及不同条件下香稻品种对镉毒的响应。采用五个香稻品种（V1:美香占2号,V2:象牙香占,V3:桂香占,V4:巴斯马蒂,V5:农香18）,设置四个镉浓度梯度,分别为0、50 mg/kg-1、100 mg/kg-1、150mg/kg-1,通过盆栽实验检测镉对香稻幼苗生长期的影响。实验测定了在不同浓度Cd胁迫下水稻苗期抗氧化酶活性、脂质过氧化作用中丙二醛（MDA）、过氧化氢（H2O2）含量、生长参数如株高、总干物质含量、水稻秧苗期镉吸收量。结果表明,抗氧化酶活性随着土壤Cd浓度增加而下降。Cd胁迫下水稻脂质过氧化作用与Cd浓度相关。所有水稻品种的根系、茎Cd吸收量随着土壤Cd浓度增加而增加,根系吸收比茎高,V1和V5的根茎叶吸收量最高。V3各部位积累Cd较少。结果显示,土壤镉毒对水稻生长有负效应。水稻根吸收Cd比茎多且每个品种吸收效果不同。总体而言,镉毒阻碍水稻苗期生理生化生长,但V3耐镉毒害效果比其余四个好。采用五个香稻品种(V1:美香占2号,...
【文章来源】：华南农业大学广东省
【文章页数】：154 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
Abstract
摘要
ABBREVIATIONS
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND PROGRESS ON THE RESEARCH
1.1 CADMIUM DEPOSITION AND CONTAMINATION OF PADDY SOILS
1.2 CADMIUM TOXICITY AND TRANSLOCATION IN RICE
1.3 FACTORS AFFECTING CADMIUM BIO-AVAILABILITY TO PLANT
1.3.1 Soil Cadmium Concentration
1.3.2 Sources of Cadmium
1.3.3 Cadmium long term aging in soils and Soil p H
1.3.4 Soil redox potential
1.3.5 Sulphur biochemical cycling
1.3.6 Mn and Fe Oxyhydroxides
1.3.7 Chlorides and Organic Matter Content
1.3.8 Bio-solids incorporation and EDTA addition in the soil
1.3.9 Silicon
1.3.10 Temperature effects
1.3.11 Nutrient effects
1.3.12 Cultivar types
1.4 Cadmium Accumulation in Agricultural Soils and Effects on Rice Plants
1.4.1 Morphological Effects
1.4.2 Physiological Effects
1.4.3 Photosynthesis
1.4.4 Biochemical Effects
1.4.4.1 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Production
1.4.4.2 Antioxidant Enzymes Regulation and Gene Expression
1.5 PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF CADMIUM TOLERANCE IN RICE
1.5.1 APPLICATION OF SIGNALING MOLECULES AND PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
1.5.2 FERTILIZATION AND APPLICATION OF MINERAL ELEMENTS
CHAPTER 2: MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL AND ANTIOXIDANTS ENZYMES RESPONSES IN AROMATIC RICE SEEDLINGS AS AFFECTED BY CADMIUM (CD) STRESS
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 METHODOLOGY
2.2.1 Soil Preparation and Pot Experiment
2.2.2 Rice Cultivars Preparation
2.2.3 Determination of Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POD), and Catalase (CAT)
2.2.3.1 SOD Assay
2.2.3.2 POD Assay
2.2.3.3 CAT Assay
2.2.4 Ascorbate peroxidase Determination (APX)
2.2.5 Glutathione Reductase (GR) Determination
2.2.6 Glutathione (GSH) Determination
2.2.7 Ascorbic Acid (As A) Determination
2.2.8 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of Malondiadehyde (MDA)
2.2.9 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of H2O2
2.2.10 Determination of Growth Parameters (Shoot length and dry matter content)
2.2.11 Cd Uptake Detection
2.2.12 Statistical Analysis
2.3 RESULTS
2.3.1 Changes in POD Activity at Varying Sampling Dates
2.3.2 Changes in Seedlings CAT Activity at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.3 Changes in Seedlings SOD Activity at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.4 Changes in Seedlings Ascorbate Peroxidase (APX) Activity at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.5 Changes in Seedlings Glutathione Reductase (GR) Activity at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.6 Changes in Seedlings Glutathione (GSH) Activity at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.7 Changes in Seedlings Ascorbic Acid (As A) Contents at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.8 Changes in Seedlings Malondialdehyde (MDA) Contents at Different Sampling Dates(μmol/g)
2.3.9 Changes in Seedlings (H2O2) Contents at Different Sampling Dates(μmol/g)
2.3.10 Effects of Cadmium on Seedling Heights(cm)
2.3.11 Effects of Cadmium on Seedling Dry Matter Contents
2.3.12 Cadmium uptake in the different plant parts
2.3.13 Cadmium Transfer Factor from Roots to Stems and from Stems to Leaves (%)
2.4 DISCUSSIONS
2.5 CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 3: CADMIUM (CD) UPTAKE AND DISTRIBUTION IN FRAGRANT RICEGENOTYPES AND RELATED CONSEQUENCES ON YIELD AND GRAIN QUALITYTRAITS
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 METHODOLOGY
3.2.1 Soil preparation and treatments application
3.2.2 Rice Cultivars Preparation
3.2.3 Determination of Anti-oxidants Enzymes
3.2.4 SOD Determination
3.2.5 CAT Determination
3.2.6 POD Determination
3.2.7 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of H2O2
3.2.8 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of MDA
3.2.9 Determination of Proline
3.2.10 Determination of Protein Content
3.2.11 Determination of Soluble Sugars Content
3.2.12 Determination of Yield and its Components
3.2.13 Determination of Cd Uptake
3.2.14 Determination of Grain Quality Traits
3.2.15 Statistical Analysis
3.3 RESULTS
3.3.1 Effects of Cadmium on POD Activity at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.2 Effects of Cadmium on SOD Activity at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.3 Effects of Cadmium on CAT Activity at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.4 Effects of Cadmium on H2O2 Contents at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.5 Effects of Cadmium on MDA Contents at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.6 Effects of Cadmium on Proline Contents at Different Stages (μg/g FW)
3.3.7 Effects of Cadmium on Protein Contents at Different Stages(μg/g FW)
3.3.8 Effects of Cadmium on Soluble Sugar Contents at Different Stages(μg/g FW)
3.3.9 Cadmium (Cd) Uptake in Different Rice Organs at Tillering Stage (ug g-1)
3.3.10 Cadmium (Cd) uptake in different rice organs at Panicle Heading stage (ug g-1)
3.3.11 Cadmium (Cd) uptake in different rice organs at Panicle Maturity Stage (ug g-1)
3.3.12 Translocation Factor (TF) of Cd Contents between Organs of the Five Different riceCultivars at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.13 Effects of Cadmium on Yield and its Parameters
3.3.14 Grain Quality Attributes as Influenced by Cd Toxicity
3.4 DISCUSSION
3.5 CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 4: CALCIUM (CA) MEDIATED GROWTH AND OXIDATIVE STRESS REGULATION IN SCENTED RICE UNDER INDUCED CADMIUM (CD) STRESS
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
4.2.1 Soil Preparation and Treatments Application
4.2.2 Rice Cultivars Preparation
4.2.3 Determination of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POD), and Catalase (CAT)
4.2.3.1 SOD Assay
4.2.3.2 POD Assay
4.2.3.3 CAT Assay
4.2.4 Determination of Lipid Peroxidation in the form of H2O2
4.2.5 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of MDA
4.2.6 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of Electrolyte Lickage (EL)
4.2.7 Determination of Photosynthetic Pigment (Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b and Carotenoids)
4.2.8 Determination of Proline
4.2.9 Determination of Protein Content
4.2.10 Determination of Soluble Sugars Content
4.2.11 Determination of Yield and its Components
4.2.12 Determination of Cd Uptake
4.2.13 Statistical Analysis
4.3 RESULTS
4.3.1 Effects of Ca Amendment on Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) under Cd Stress
4.3.2 Effects of Ca Amendment on Catalase Content (CAT) under Cd Stress
4.3.3 Effects of Ca Amendment on Peroxidase Content (POD) under Cd Stress
4.3.4 Effects of Ca Amendment on Lipid Peroxidation in the form of MDA under Cd Stress
4.3.5 Effects of Ca Amendment on Lipid Peroxidation in the form of H2O2 under Cd Stress
4.3.6 Effects of Ca Amendment on Lipid Peroxidation in the form of EL under Cd Stress
4.3.7 Effects of Ca Amendment on Proline Content under Cd Stress (μg/g)
4.3.8 Effects of Ca Amendment on Protein Content under Cd Stress (μg/g)
4.3.9 Effects of Ca Amendment on Soluble Sugar Content under Cd Stress (μg/g)
4.3.10 Effects of Ca on Photosynthetic Pigment (Chlorophyll a, b and Carotenoids) under CdCtress (mg g-1 FW)
4.3.10.1 Effects of Ca on Chlorophyll a (mg g-1 FW)
4.3.10.2 Effects of Ca on Chlorophyll b (mg g-1 FW)
4.3.11 Cadmium Uptake in the Different Rice Organs at Tillering Stage (ug g-1 DW)
4.3.12 Cadmium Uptake in the Different Rice Organs at Panicle Heading stage (ug g-1 DW)
4.3.13 Calcium Influence on Rice Dry Matter Contents under Cadmium Stress (g pot?1 DW)
4.3.14 Rice Yield and its Components
4.4 DISCUSSIONS
4.5 CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 5: THE EFFECTS OF EXOGENOUS APPLICATION OF JASMONATE ON YIELD, GRAIN QUALITY AND MINERAL ELEMENTS IN SCENTED RICECULTIVARS UNDER INDUCED CADMIUM STRESS
5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.2 METHODOLOGY
5.2.1 Research Design and Treatments Application
5.2.2 Rice Cultivars Preparation
5.2.3 Determination of Yield and Yield Components
5.2.4 Determination of Grain Quality Traits
5.2.5 Determination of Cd Uptake and Mineral Elements Contents in Grains
5.2.6 Statistical Analysis
5.3 RESULTS
5.3.1 Influence of Methyl Jasmonate on Rice Yield and Components under Induced CadmiumStress
5.3.2 Influence of Methyl Jasmonate on Grain Quality Attributes under Induced CadmiumStress
5.3.3 Contents of Grain Mineral Elements as Influenced by Plant Growth Regulator under CdToxicity
5.3.4 Cadmium Uptake in the Different Rice Parts at Maturity Stage (ug g-1 DW)
5.3.5 Cadmium Transfer Factor in the Different Rice Parts at Maturity Stage
5.4 DISCUSSIONS
5.5 CONCLUSIONS
Acknowledgement
REFERENCES
PAPERS PUBLISHED DURING THE PH. D STUDIES
【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]生物质炭与氮肥配施降低水稻重金属含量的盆栽试验[J]. 陈少毅,许超,张文静,吴启堂. 农业工程学报. 2014(14)
[2]Using iron fertilizer to control Cd accumulation in rice plants: A new promising technology[J]. SHAO GuoSheng, CHEN MingXue, WANG DanYing, XU ChunMei, MOU RenXiang, CAO ZhaoYun & ZHANG XiuFu China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 31006, China. Science in China（Series C:Life Sciences）. 2008(03)
[3]有机物料对土壤镉形态及其生物有效性的影响[J]. 张秋芳,王果,杨佩艺,方玲. 应用生态学报. 2002(12)
[4]镉对植物的生理生态效应的研究进展[J]. 张金彪,黄维南. 生态学报. 2000(03)
本文编号：3259118
【文章来源】：华南农业大学广东省
【文章页数】：154 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
Abstract
摘要
ABBREVIATIONS
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND PROGRESS ON THE RESEARCH
1.1 CADMIUM DEPOSITION AND CONTAMINATION OF PADDY SOILS
1.2 CADMIUM TOXICITY AND TRANSLOCATION IN RICE
1.3 FACTORS AFFECTING CADMIUM BIO-AVAILABILITY TO PLANT
1.3.1 Soil Cadmium Concentration
1.3.2 Sources of Cadmium
1.3.3 Cadmium long term aging in soils and Soil p H
1.3.4 Soil redox potential
1.3.5 Sulphur biochemical cycling
1.3.6 Mn and Fe Oxyhydroxides
1.3.7 Chlorides and Organic Matter Content
1.3.8 Bio-solids incorporation and EDTA addition in the soil
1.3.9 Silicon
1.3.10 Temperature effects
1.3.11 Nutrient effects
1.3.12 Cultivar types
1.4 Cadmium Accumulation in Agricultural Soils and Effects on Rice Plants
1.4.1 Morphological Effects
1.4.2 Physiological Effects
1.4.3 Photosynthesis
1.4.4 Biochemical Effects
1.4.4.1 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Production
1.4.4.2 Antioxidant Enzymes Regulation and Gene Expression
1.5 PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF CADMIUM TOLERANCE IN RICE
1.5.1 APPLICATION OF SIGNALING MOLECULES AND PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
1.5.2 FERTILIZATION AND APPLICATION OF MINERAL ELEMENTS
CHAPTER 2: MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL AND ANTIOXIDANTS ENZYMES RESPONSES IN AROMATIC RICE SEEDLINGS AS AFFECTED BY CADMIUM (CD) STRESS
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 METHODOLOGY
2.2.1 Soil Preparation and Pot Experiment
2.2.2 Rice Cultivars Preparation
2.2.3 Determination of Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POD), and Catalase (CAT)
2.2.3.1 SOD Assay
2.2.3.2 POD Assay
2.2.3.3 CAT Assay
2.2.4 Ascorbate peroxidase Determination (APX)
2.2.5 Glutathione Reductase (GR) Determination
2.2.6 Glutathione (GSH) Determination
2.2.7 Ascorbic Acid (As A) Determination
2.2.8 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of Malondiadehyde (MDA)
2.2.9 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of H2O2
2.2.10 Determination of Growth Parameters (Shoot length and dry matter content)
2.2.11 Cd Uptake Detection
2.2.12 Statistical Analysis
2.3 RESULTS
2.3.1 Changes in POD Activity at Varying Sampling Dates
2.3.2 Changes in Seedlings CAT Activity at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.3 Changes in Seedlings SOD Activity at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.4 Changes in Seedlings Ascorbate Peroxidase (APX) Activity at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.5 Changes in Seedlings Glutathione Reductase (GR) Activity at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.6 Changes in Seedlings Glutathione (GSH) Activity at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.7 Changes in Seedlings Ascorbic Acid (As A) Contents at Different Sampling Dates
2.3.8 Changes in Seedlings Malondialdehyde (MDA) Contents at Different Sampling Dates(μmol/g)
2.3.9 Changes in Seedlings (H2O2) Contents at Different Sampling Dates(μmol/g)
2.3.10 Effects of Cadmium on Seedling Heights(cm)
2.3.11 Effects of Cadmium on Seedling Dry Matter Contents
2.3.12 Cadmium uptake in the different plant parts
2.3.13 Cadmium Transfer Factor from Roots to Stems and from Stems to Leaves (%)
2.4 DISCUSSIONS
2.5 CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 3: CADMIUM (CD) UPTAKE AND DISTRIBUTION IN FRAGRANT RICEGENOTYPES AND RELATED CONSEQUENCES ON YIELD AND GRAIN QUALITYTRAITS
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 METHODOLOGY
3.2.1 Soil preparation and treatments application
3.2.2 Rice Cultivars Preparation
3.2.3 Determination of Anti-oxidants Enzymes
3.2.4 SOD Determination
3.2.5 CAT Determination
3.2.6 POD Determination
3.2.7 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of H2O2
3.2.8 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of MDA
3.2.9 Determination of Proline
3.2.10 Determination of Protein Content
3.2.11 Determination of Soluble Sugars Content
3.2.12 Determination of Yield and its Components
3.2.13 Determination of Cd Uptake
3.2.14 Determination of Grain Quality Traits
3.2.15 Statistical Analysis
3.3 RESULTS
3.3.1 Effects of Cadmium on POD Activity at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.2 Effects of Cadmium on SOD Activity at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.3 Effects of Cadmium on CAT Activity at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.4 Effects of Cadmium on H2O2 Contents at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.5 Effects of Cadmium on MDA Contents at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.6 Effects of Cadmium on Proline Contents at Different Stages (μg/g FW)
3.3.7 Effects of Cadmium on Protein Contents at Different Stages(μg/g FW)
3.3.8 Effects of Cadmium on Soluble Sugar Contents at Different Stages(μg/g FW)
3.3.9 Cadmium (Cd) Uptake in Different Rice Organs at Tillering Stage (ug g-1)
3.3.10 Cadmium (Cd) uptake in different rice organs at Panicle Heading stage (ug g-1)
3.3.11 Cadmium (Cd) uptake in different rice organs at Panicle Maturity Stage (ug g-1)
3.3.12 Translocation Factor (TF) of Cd Contents between Organs of the Five Different riceCultivars at Panicle Heading and Maturity Stages
3.3.13 Effects of Cadmium on Yield and its Parameters
3.3.14 Grain Quality Attributes as Influenced by Cd Toxicity
3.4 DISCUSSION
3.5 CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 4: CALCIUM (CA) MEDIATED GROWTH AND OXIDATIVE STRESS REGULATION IN SCENTED RICE UNDER INDUCED CADMIUM (CD) STRESS
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
4.2.1 Soil Preparation and Treatments Application
4.2.2 Rice Cultivars Preparation
4.2.3 Determination of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Peroxidase (POD), and Catalase (CAT)
4.2.3.1 SOD Assay
4.2.3.2 POD Assay
4.2.3.3 CAT Assay
4.2.4 Determination of Lipid Peroxidation in the form of H2O2
4.2.5 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of MDA
4.2.6 Determination of lipid peroxidation in the form of Electrolyte Lickage (EL)
4.2.7 Determination of Photosynthetic Pigment (Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b and Carotenoids)
4.2.8 Determination of Proline
4.2.9 Determination of Protein Content
4.2.10 Determination of Soluble Sugars Content
4.2.11 Determination of Yield and its Components
4.2.12 Determination of Cd Uptake
4.2.13 Statistical Analysis
4.3 RESULTS
4.3.1 Effects of Ca Amendment on Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) under Cd Stress
4.3.2 Effects of Ca Amendment on Catalase Content (CAT) under Cd Stress
4.3.3 Effects of Ca Amendment on Peroxidase Content (POD) under Cd Stress
4.3.4 Effects of Ca Amendment on Lipid Peroxidation in the form of MDA under Cd Stress
4.3.5 Effects of Ca Amendment on Lipid Peroxidation in the form of H2O2 under Cd Stress
4.3.6 Effects of Ca Amendment on Lipid Peroxidation in the form of EL under Cd Stress
4.3.7 Effects of Ca Amendment on Proline Content under Cd Stress (μg/g)
4.3.8 Effects of Ca Amendment on Protein Content under Cd Stress (μg/g)
4.3.9 Effects of Ca Amendment on Soluble Sugar Content under Cd Stress (μg/g)
4.3.10 Effects of Ca on Photosynthetic Pigment (Chlorophyll a, b and Carotenoids) under CdCtress (mg g-1 FW)
4.3.10.1 Effects of Ca on Chlorophyll a (mg g-1 FW)
4.3.10.2 Effects of Ca on Chlorophyll b (mg g-1 FW)
4.3.11 Cadmium Uptake in the Different Rice Organs at Tillering Stage (ug g-1 DW)
4.3.12 Cadmium Uptake in the Different Rice Organs at Panicle Heading stage (ug g-1 DW)
4.3.13 Calcium Influence on Rice Dry Matter Contents under Cadmium Stress (g pot?1 DW)
4.3.14 Rice Yield and its Components
4.4 DISCUSSIONS
4.5 CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 5: THE EFFECTS OF EXOGENOUS APPLICATION OF JASMONATE ON YIELD, GRAIN QUALITY AND MINERAL ELEMENTS IN SCENTED RICECULTIVARS UNDER INDUCED CADMIUM STRESS
5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.2 METHODOLOGY
5.2.1 Research Design and Treatments Application
5.2.2 Rice Cultivars Preparation
5.2.3 Determination of Yield and Yield Components
5.2.4 Determination of Grain Quality Traits
5.2.5 Determination of Cd Uptake and Mineral Elements Contents in Grains
5.2.6 Statistical Analysis
5.3 RESULTS
5.3.1 Influence of Methyl Jasmonate on Rice Yield and Components under Induced CadmiumStress
5.3.2 Influence of Methyl Jasmonate on Grain Quality Attributes under Induced CadmiumStress
5.3.3 Contents of Grain Mineral Elements as Influenced by Plant Growth Regulator under CdToxicity
5.3.4 Cadmium Uptake in the Different Rice Parts at Maturity Stage (ug g-1 DW)
5.3.5 Cadmium Transfer Factor in the Different Rice Parts at Maturity Stage
5.4 DISCUSSIONS
5.5 CONCLUSIONS
Acknowledgement
REFERENCES
PAPERS PUBLISHED DURING THE PH. D STUDIES
【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]生物质炭与氮肥配施降低水稻重金属含量的盆栽试验[J]. 陈少毅,许超,张文静,吴启堂. 农业工程学报. 2014(14)
[2]Using iron fertilizer to control Cd accumulation in rice plants: A new promising technology[J]. SHAO GuoSheng, CHEN MingXue, WANG DanYing, XU ChunMei, MOU RenXiang, CAO ZhaoYun & ZHANG XiuFu China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 31006, China. Science in China（Series C:Life Sciences）. 2008(03)
[3]有机物料对土壤镉形态及其生物有效性的影响[J]. 张秋芳,王果,杨佩艺,方玲. 应用生态学报. 2002(12)
[4]镉对植物的生理生态效应的研究进展[J]. 张金彪,黄维南. 生态学报. 2000(03)
本文编号：3259118
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