北秦岭羊肚菌的系统学分析及其对玉米和小麦的促生作用

发布时间：2022-09-21 18:25

　　近年来,全世界范围内关于羊肚菌（Morchella spp）的物种多样性的研究已有很多报道。中国是一个拥有丰富天然羊肚菌资源的大陆国家,61个系统发育树种中有一半是在中国发现的。但在复杂地形和偏远地区,例如秦岭作为中国南北分界线,生长着大量第四纪冰川遗留植物,仍然有许多隐藏物种未被发现。另一方面,许多微生物被证明能促进植物生长,粗腿羊肚菌（M.crassipes）就是其中一种,它可以改善寄主植物营养物质的吸收和提高寄主防御能力,并促进植物生长,最近研究表明羊肚菌是许多种类禾本科植物有益的共生体。为了探索羊肚菌的系统发育关系,本研究收集了来自秦岭北部的31个样本、秦岭南部的4个商业栽培品种子囊果和3个栽培品种的菌落,通过系谱一致性系统发育种类识别（GCPSR）方法进行了研究。同时采用最大似然法,对在NCBI数据库和MLST数据库下载的同源性序列构建系统发育树分析表明:秦岭38个标本中有4个系统发育种,即羊肚菌Mes-9、羊肚菌Mes-13、羊肚菌Mes-25、秦岭羊肚菌M.chensiensis,另外还有一个假羊肚菌（Verpa bohemica）。栽培的羊肚菌Mel-6、Mel-10和... 

【文章页数】：104 页

【学位级别】：硕士

【文章目录】：
Abstract
摘要
List of Abbreviations
Chapter 1. Review of Literatures
    1.1. Introduction of Morchella spp
        1.1.1. General understanding of Morchella spp
        1.1.2. Morphological species of Morchella spp
        1.1.3. Phylogenetic species of Morchella spp
        1.1.4. Global distribution pattern of Morchella spp
        1.1.5. Distribution pattern of Morchella spp in China
    1.2. The reviews of fungi functionals in soil ecosystem
        1.2.1. General introduction of morel fungi in plant-soil association
        1.2.2. The potential benefits of mycorrhizal fungi inoculants
        1.2.3. The important roles of soil fungi
        1.2.4. The relationship between soil fungi and plant
    1.3. Research objectives
Chapter 2. Phylogenetic analysis of Morchella spp. (true morel) in theQinling Mt
    2.1. Materials and Methodology
        2.1.1. Reagents and Instruments
        2.1.2. Morchella spp. collections
        2.1.3. Morphological characterization
        2.1.4. DNA extraction
        2.1.5. PCR amplification and sequencing
        2.1.6. Phylogenetic Analysis
    2.2. Results
        2.2.1. Multilocus Amplicons
        2.2.2. Phylogenetic analysis based on LSU region
        2.2.3. Phylogenetic analysis based on ITS sequence region
        2.2.4. Phylogenetic analysis based on EF_(1-a) region
        2.2.5. Phylogenetic analysis based on RPB_1 region
        2.2.6. Phylogenetic analysis based on RPB_2 region
        2.2.7. Phylogenetic analysis based on r DNA (ITS+LSU) datasets
        2.2.8. Phylogenetic analysis based on combined EF_(1-a)+ RPB_1 + RPB_2 datasets
        2.2.9. Phylogenetic analysis based on concatenated ITS+LSU+EF_(1-a)+RPB_1 datasets
        2.2.10. Phylogenetic analysis based on concatenated ITS+LSU+EF_(1-a)+RPB_1+RBP_2 datasets
        2.2.11. Morphological descriptions
    2.3. Discussion
    2.4. Conclusion
Chapter 3. Promotion of Morchella crassipes for maize plant growth
    3.1. Materials and Methods
        3.1.1. Reagents and instruments
        3.1.2. Soil and Mycelium suspension preparation
        3.1.3. Experimental design and inoculation
        3.1.4. Root staining following inoculation
        3.1.5. Measurement of plant growth promotion
        3.1.6. Effects of inoculation of M. crassipes on N, P, K in plants
        3.1.7. Effects of inoculation of M. crassipes on Photosynthetic activity and Chlorophyll
        3.1.8. Effects of inoculation of M. crassipes on defense enzyme activities
        3.1.9. Soil moisture and pH value
        3.1.10. Effects of inoculation of M. crassipes on available NO_3, NH_4, P, K insoil
        3.1.11. Statistical analysis
    3.2. Results
        3.2.1. Root staining following inoculation
        3.2.2. Effects of inoculation of M. crassipes on plant growth promotion
        3.2.3. Effects of inoculation of M. crassipes on N, P, K in plants
        3.2.4. Effects of inoculation of M. crassipes on photosynthesis and chlorophyll
        3.2.5. Effects of inoculation of M. crassipes on defense enzyme activities
        3.2.6. Effects of inoculation of M. crassipes on N, P, K in soil
    3.3. Discussion
    3.4. Conclusion
Chapter 4. Biochar-Morel promotes wheat saline resistance by increasing root/shoot ratio
    4.1. Materials and Methods
        4.1.1. Materials
        4.1.2. Preparation of biochar-morel agent
        4.1.3. Growth test by applying biochar-morel agent
        4.1.4. Infection histological observation
        4.1.5. Detection of Phytohormones
        4.1.6. Statistical Analysis
    4.2. Results
        4.2.1. Germination under biochar-morel agent application
        4.2.2. Seedlings growth by applying biochar-morel mixture
        4.2.3. Salt resistance of wheat seedlings
        4.2.4. Colonization of morel on the root of winter wheat
        4.2.5. Phytohormones secreted by biochar-morel
    4.3. Discussion
    4.4. Conclusion
Chapter 5. Summary
References
Acknowledgement
Curriculum Vitae of Author


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