外源褪黑素处理对苹果采后贮藏品质影响机理研究

发布时间：2021-11-21 02:32

　　苹果因其味道可口,营养价值高,成为广泛种植的果树,苹果的种植和日常摄取量在世界各地日益增加。只有在采摘后妥善存放苹果,才能确保苹果带来最大收益。冷藏,气调贮藏（CA）与化学处理,比如1-MCP被广泛用于延长贮藏期和苹果质量。果实成熟后最重要的生理变化是后期乙烯破裂。因此,控制乙烯的产生可以减少果实的紧实度损失、代谢率和最终的采后衰老和腐烂。然而,其它发出成熟周期信号的植物激素仍不清楚。成熟转变的改变主要取决于对成熟行为的理解,从而将成熟期从材料商业化阶段延长到生理成熟阶段。苹果进行了转录组分析,阐明了成熟激素而非乙烯对苹果成熟的调控作用。结果表明,结果表明,成熟后（HY₂0^o C₅ vs HY₄th）苹果中有9187个差异表达基因（DEGs）,而成熟前（HY₄th vs HY₃rd）果实中有922个差异表达基因（DEGs）,相对较低。不同表达基因分析证实ABA和生长素信号基因的关键参与。此外,一些转录因子也被上调或下调,这可能对苹果果实的成熟起到积极或消极... 

【文章来源】：中国农业科学院北京市

【文章页数】：125 页

【学位级别】：博士

【文章目录】：
附表
摘要
ABSTRACT
LIST OF Abbreviation
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
    1.1 BACKGROUND
        1.1.1 Origin and domestication of apple
        1.1.2 Growing condition and production
        1.1.3 Nutritional value
        1.1.4 Postharvest storage disorder
    1.2 FRUIT RIPENING
        1.2.1 Color changes
        1.2.2 Sugar and organic acids
        1.2.3 Fruit softening
        1.2.4 Aroma compounds
        1.2.5 Physiological changes and hormonal interaction during ripening
            1.2.5.1 Ethylene and ABA are the major contributors
            1.2.5.2 Cell wall dynamics and ripening hormones
            1.2.5.3 Relative roles of plant hormones on accumulation of sugars and acids
            1.2.5.4 Crosstalk between ethylene and other hormones
    1.3 POST-HARVEST TREATMENT TO MAINTAIN FRUIT QUALITY
        1.3.1 Low temperature storage
        1.3.2 Heat treatment
        1.3.3 1-Methylecyclopropane(1-MCP)
        1.3.4 Controlled atmosphere storage
        1.3.5 Salicylic acid treatment
        1.3.6 UV-C irradiation
        1.3.7 Melatonin treatment
            1.3.7.1 Melatonin biosynthesis in plants
            1.3.7.2 Effect of melatonin on Postharvest Produce
            1.3.7.3 Melatonin in abiotic stress responses
            1.3.7.4 Melatonin interacts with plant hormones
            1.3.7.5 Melatonin and ethylene interaction
            1.3.7.6 Salicylic acid pathways regulation by melatonin
            1.3.7.7 Defense response development by melatonin
    1.4 SCOPE AND OUTLINE OF THE THESIS
CHAPTER 2 PRE-AND POST-RIPENING HORMONAL REGULATION AND ANTHOCYANIN BIOSYNTHESIS OF EARLY RIPENING APPLE FRUIT
    2.1 ABSTRACT
    2.2 INTRODUCTION
    2.3 MATERIALS AND METHODS
        2.3.1 Plant material
        2.3.2 Organic acids and sugars measurement
        2.3.3 Total RNA extraction
            2.3.3.1 Quantification of RNA
        2.3.4 Reverse transcription and cDNA synthesis
            2.3.4.1 Purification of cDNA by removing genomic DNA
        2.3.5 Library construction and transcriptome sequencing
        2.3.6 Functional annotation and analysis of differential gene expression
        2.3.7 Quantitative Real-Time PCR(qRT-PCR)
        2.3.8 Statistical analysis
    2.4 RESULTS
        2.4.1 Changes in organic acid and sugar content in pre-and post-ripening Apple
        2.4.2 RNA-seq and differential gene expression analysis
        2.4.3 GO enrichment classification
        2.4.4 KEGG pathway analysis
        2.4.5 Confirmation of RNA-seq results by qRT-PCR
        2.4.6 Identification of DEGs related to ripening hormone
        2.4.7 DEGs involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis
        2.4.8 Transcriptional regulation during fruit ripening
    2.5 DISCUSSION
    2.6 CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 3 EFFECT OF EXOGENOUS MELATONIN TREATMENT ON POST-HARVEST QUALITY OF 'FUJI’APPLE DURING LOW TEMPERATURE STORAGE
    3.1 ABSTRACT
    3.2 INTRODUCTION
    3.3 MATERIALS AND METHODS
        3.3.1 Sample preparation and treatments
        3.3.2 Determination of weight loss percentage
        3.3.3 Respiration and ethylene production rate
        3.3.4 MDA content
        3.3.5 H_2O_2 content
        3.3.6 Antioxidant enzyme assays
        3.3.7 Sample preparation and metabolites extraction
        3.3.8 UPLC-Q-TOF MS based chromatographic detection
        3.3.9 Mass spectrometry condition
        3.3.10 Data processing and multivariate statistical analysis
    3.4 RESULTS
        3.4.1 Weight loss percentage
        3.4.2 Respiration rate and ethylene production rate
        3.4.3 Effect of MT treatment on MDA and H_2O_2 contents
        3.4.4 Effect of MT treatment on antioxidant enzymes activity
        3.4.5 Differential metabolites classification
            3.4.5.1 Sugars
            3.4.5.2 Organic acids
            3.4.5.3 Amino acids
            3.4.5.4 phenol
    3.5 DISCUSSION
    3.6 CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 4 MELATONIN TREATMENT LIMITED ETHYLENE PRODUCTION AND DELAYED POSTHARVEST SENESCENCE IN "FUJI" APPLE
    4.1 ABSTRACT
    4.2 INTRODUCTION
    4.3 MATERIALS AND METHODS
        4.3.1 Fruit materials and treatments
        4.3.2 Determination of sugars and organic acids
        4.3.3 Transcriptomic analysis
            4.3.3.1 Fruit sample and RNA extraction
            4.3.3.2 Library preparation and RNA-seq
            4.3.3.3 Functional classification of transcript sequences and differential gene expression analysis
            4.3.3.4 Expression analysis using quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR)
        4.3.4 Statistical analysis
    4.4 RESULTS
        4.4.1 Effect of MT treatment physical disorder incidence
        4.4.2 Changes in sugars and organic acids
        4.4.3 RNA-seq and Differential Gene Expression Analysis
        4.4.4 Functional analysis of differential expressed genes
        4.4.5 Melatonin inhibites ethylene synthesis through down-regulation of biosynthesis genes
        4.4.6 qRT-PCR validation of RNA-Seq results
    4.5 DISCUSSION
    4.6 CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
    5.1 CONCLUSIONS
    5.2 RECOMMENDATIONS
全文结论
REFERENCES
致谢(ACKNOWLEDGEMENT)
作者简历(RESUME)



本文编号：3508587