再生能源生产和消费中的外部性与最优政策——以生物质能为例

发布时间：2018-04-13 23:08

本文选题：再生能源 + 污染排放税　；参考：《北京理工大学学报(社会科学版)》2016年01期

【摘要】：再生能源具有较好的环保效果但是却有较高的成本,实践中政府普遍依据再生能源产业的总产量进行补贴。然而,再生能源的消费虽具有环境友善性,但其生产过程,一般要消耗传统能源,仍然会对环境产生一定污染,仅有补贴未免失之偏颇,且对总产量补贴也有不当之处。若将再生能源生产过程中的环境污染纳入考虑时,政府应当如何应对?研究发现:第一,无论厂商是否具有污染治理技术,也无论市场结构如何,最优污染治理税率均应等于污染边际损害,即最优污染治理税为庇古税。第二,在完全竞争市场结构下,最优补贴率等于再生能源的边际收益,即最优补贴率为庇古补贴;在寡占市场结构下,最优补贴率应大于再生能源的边际收益,且厂商市场势力越大,最优补贴率越高。
[Abstract]:Renewable energy has better environmental protection effect but higher cost. In practice, the government generally subsidizes the total output of renewable energy industry.However, although the consumption of renewable energy is environmentally friendly, the production process of renewable energy generally consumes traditional energy and still produces certain pollution to the environment. Only subsidies are biased, and the subsidies for total output are also improper.If environmental pollution in renewable energy production is taken into account, how should governments respond?It is found that: first, no matter whether the manufacturer has pollution control technology or not, no matter what the market structure, the optimal pollution control tax rate should be equal to the marginal damage of pollution, that is, the optimal pollution control tax is Pigou tax.Secondly, under the completely competitive market structure, the optimal subsidy rate is equal to the marginal income of renewable energy, that is, the optimal subsidy rate is Pigou subsidy, and under the oligopoly market structure, the optimal subsidy rate should be greater than the marginal income of renewable energy.And the larger the market power, the higher the optimal subsidy rate.
【作者单位】：聊城大学商学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金重点项目资助(13AJL013) 中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2013M541888) 山东省社会科学规划基金资助项目(13CJJJ05) 山东省产业升级与经济协同发展软科学研究基地项目
【分类号】：F426.2

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